Shelfmark: Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, Special Collections Research Center Isl. Ms. 235Origin: As appears in colophon, executed by one Ḥamdī [Hamdî] with possible date or number for this piece.Former shelfmark: "567 T. De M. [i.e. Tammaro De Marinis]" inscribed in pencil on interior of upper cover.Binding: Pasteboards covered in golden olive-tinted and gold-flecked paper with black leather over board edges/turn-ins (leather edged / framed binding) ; board linings in yellow-tinted paper ; upper and lower covers carry gold-tooled and gold-painted rosettes and guilloché roll border ; panels hinged together with dark brown to black leather ; in fair condition with some abrasion and lifting of leather at board edges and joints/hinges (some split).Support: Well-burnished European laid paper bordered by strips of marbled paper and tinted-frame (orange, pink, etc. though papers of facing panels match) ; watermark faintly visible in final panel but difficult to make out.Decoration: Written area surrounded by frame consisting of strips of marbled paper (in pink, blue, and white) flanked by white and green fillets and heavy and narrow gold bands outlined in black fillets ; panels within written area surrounded by narrow gold band ; textual dividers in the form illuminated rosettes with white, pink, red and blue accents ; additional illuminated floral accents appear above elongated horizontal strokes and elsewhere to set-off text.Script: Fine specimen of Ottoman calligraphy ; opening line of each page in thuluth ; four centered lines thereafter in naskh ; fully vocalized.Layout: Written in 5 lines per page, one large line in thuluth and four more compact lines in naskh ; written area divided to upper panel (accommodating the large line) and centered lower panel (for the shorter lines).Collation: Ten 'panels' (consisting of written area and border pieces mounted on another leaf) hinged together in accordion format (opens vertically) ; 'pagination' in black ink, Hindu-Arabic numerals, appears in the upper left-hand corner of each panel.Colophon: "Scribal," reads: "كتبه المذنب حمدى ۷۹"Explicit: "وللخازن مثل ذلك لا ينقض بعضهم اجر بعض شيئا اللهم صل وسلم على اشرف الخلق محمد واله الطاهرين"Incipit: "قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن ابي هريرة رض قال قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم اذا مضى شطر الليل او ثلثاه ينزل الله تبارك وتعالى الى سماء الدنيا ..."Title supplied by cataloguer.Ms. codex.Fine album of calligraphy (muraqqaʻ or murakkaa) employing the text of assorted ḥadīth, executed by one Hamdî.
Instructions for the production of a distilled ‘hot water’ (ماء حار ; f. 159r, line 23, transcribed below) that can split and dissolve stone. The text begins abruptly and appears to have been copied by Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Mawṣilī (محمد بن سليمان الموصلي) (see colophon, f. 158v, line 21).Begins (f. 159r, lines 1-3):وذكر لي أنه من أخذ ملح الطعام الحيدراني مع وزنه جير غير مطفئ وبيته فيالفرن ليلة وجره وعقد هكذا ٧ مرات فإنه يكونوا دهنًا وقيل إنه من أخذ منهذه الدهن والعقرب ذائب في بوط وزن ٥ درهم ورماه على العقربEnds (f. 159r, lines 19-23):... قال الحكيم إذا زوج النطرونبالنشادر يتولد منها مفتاح صفة مياه الصناعة خذملح الطعام وملح مر وملح طبرزد وملح حيدراني وملح هندي وملح قليوملح بول أجزاء سواء ومثل الجميع عقابًا فحلهما بالرطوبة وقطرهما فإنهيقطر منهما ماء حار يفلق الصخور والحجر يحلها بإذن الله تعالىf. 159rMaterial: PaperDimensions: 215 x 150 mm leaf [168 x 112 mm written]Foliation: British Museum foliation in pencil; Arabic foliation in the purple crayon typical of Lebanese bookdealers of the 19th centuryRuling:
Misṭarah; 19 lines per page; vertical spacing 11 lines per 10 cm (ff. 113r-158v: 29 lines per page; vertical spacing 17 lines per 10 cm)Script:
Naskhwith
nasta‘līqtendencies and some titles in
thuluth(ff. 113r-158v:
naskh)Scribes: Qudrat Allāh al-Marandī al-Ādharī (ff. 3r-112v) and Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Mawṣilī (ff. 113r-158v)Ink: Black ink, with rubricated, yellow and green headings and overlinings in red (ff. 113r-158v: black)Binding: British Museum bindingCondition: Some worm damage, foxing, and tears towards the fore edge. Folios 19, 21 and 24 have been replaced.Marginalia: Extensive marginal corrections, conjectures, glosses in Arabic and Persian and other evidence of collation and textual study (ff. 113r-158v: very few)
A collection of fifteen or more extracts taken from Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s (AD 1149/50-1210)
Kitāb al-Mulakhkhaṣ fī al-falsafah. The extracts all deal with physics, and cover such subjects as ‘that movement is either caused by fleeing what is unnatural or seeking what is natural’ (f. 67v, line 17 - fol. 68r, line 4), ‘that moisture repels heat’ (f. 68r, lines 4 - 11), and ‘that the celestial sphere is neither moist nor dry’ (f. 68r, lines 12 - 14).Begins (f. 67v, lines 15 - 19):... هذه الفصولفي فوائد منتخبة من مباحث الجوهر والأعراض من الطبيعيات من كتاب الملخصللإمام التمام فخر الملة والدين الرازي رحّمه الله عليه فصل في أنّ الحركة بسبب الهربعن غير الطبيعي أو بسبب الطلب الطبيعي الحق الثاني وإلّا لم يكن حركة إلى جانب أولى منها إلى جانب آخرفي أقسام الحركة القسرية أمّا في الأينية فقد تكون خارجة عن الطبع فقط كحركة الحجر عن وجه الأرضEnds (f. 76v, lines 16-19):كان حدوث ذلك النوع واجبًا فإذن حدوث هذه الأنواع تولّد اتعلّقبأمور ممكنة والمعلق بالممكن ممكن فحدوث هذه الأنواع تولّدًا ممكن وأيضًافلا استبعاد في حدوث الأمور الصناعية أمّا بالاتفاق أو لقوةٍ تفيدهاإنْ جوّزنا ذلك في الجملة وليكن هذا آخر كلامنا في البحث عن أحوال الأجساموالحمد لله رب العالمين والصلوة على رسول الله محمدوآله وصحبه جمعين (sic)ff. 67v-76vMaterial: PaperDimensions: 215 x 150 mm leaf [168 x 112 mm written]Foliation: British Museum foliation in pencil; Arabic foliation in the purple crayon typical of Lebanese bookdealers of the 19th centuryRuling:
Misṭarah; 19 lines per page; vertical spacing 11 lines per 10 cm (ff. 113r-158v: 29 lines per page; vertical spacing 17 lines per 10 cm)Script:
Naskhwith
nasta‘līqtendencies and some titles in
thuluth(ff. 113r-158v:
naskh)Scribes: Qudrat Allāh al-Marandī al-Ādharī (ff. 3r-112v) and Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Mawṣilī (ff. 113r-158v)Ink: Black ink, with rubricated, yellow and green headings and overlinings in red (ff. 113r-158v: black)Binding: British Museum bindingCondition: Some worm damage, foxing, and tears towards the fore edge. Folios 19, 21 and 24 have been replaced.Marginalia: Extensive marginal corrections, conjectures, glosses in Arabic and Persian and other evidence of collation and textual study (ff. 113r-158v: very few)
19.yüzyılın ünlü hattatlarından Kazasker Mustafa İzzet’den (ö. 1876 ) sülüs ve nesih hat meşk eden Abdullah Zühdi, celi sülüs hatlarıyla üne kavuşmuştur. İstanbul’da Nuruosmaniye Cami meşkhanesi’nde, Mühendis mektebinde resim ve hat hocalığı yapmış, resim, taş baskı ve fotoğraf alanında da ustalaşmış, kendisi de hattat olan Sultan Abdülmecid’den (h.1839-1861) destek görmüş, padişah tarafından Medine’de Mescid-i Nebi’nin kubbe kasnağı yazılarını yazmakla görevlendirilmiş, burada yedi yıl kalmıştır. Daha sonra Kahire’ye giden hattat Abdullah Zühdi, Hidiv İsmail Paşa’nın hizmetinde çalışarak, hattat yetiştirmiş, bina yazılarını yazmış ve burada vefat etmiştir. Türkiye’deki Müslümanlar, Kuran-ı Kerim’in en çok Nebe suresiyle başlayıp Nas suresiyle biten son 30. cüzünü; Amme cüzünü okurlar. Hattat, cüzün sonuna Fatiha suresini yazmış ve bu sureyi izleyen ketebe sayfasına hat sanatı tarihi için önemli bilgiler eklemiştir (y.26b).Binding: Miklepli cildin dış kapakları koyu yeşil deridir. Dış kapalarda, ortasında kıvrımlı bir rozet bulunan , kalın yaprakların oluşturduğu ortası şişkin oval bir şemse vardır. Köşelere yapraklar ve küçük yuvarlaklar yerleştirilmiştir. Sertabının üzerine yaprak dizileri yapılmıştır. Fırçayla yapılan süslemeler sarı ve yeşil tonunda altınla boyalıdır. İç kapaklar ve yan kağıtlar altınlı noktalar ve çizgilerle süslenmiş pembe renk kağıttır.Illuminations: Cüz, Haşiyeli enli pervazlı serlevha tezhiple başlar. Enli pervazın içi altın zemine yer yer yeşil ve kırmızıyla boyalı minicik yapraklar ve çiçeklerle süslenmiş, sayfa kenarı sıvama altınlanmıştır. Y.1b’ye, içi lacivert mavi zemine altınlı kartuşlar ve koyu pembe yapraklı bir çelenkle süslü haşiyeli unvan tezhibi yapılmıştır. Duraklar, sayfa kenarındaki uzun tığlı güller, sure başlıkları, Besmele okunun içi birbirinden farklı tasarımlarla tezhiplenmiştir. Kitabın son sayfasına (y.27a), iri çiçekli, bol yeşil yapraklı kurdele ile bağlanmış bir buket yerleştirilmiştir.Measurements: 21.2x 14.8 cm; 27 yaprak, sayfada 10 satırScript: Nesih; Sülüs; Naskhī; Thuluth
Hattat Muhammed Şefik, Kazasker Mustafa İzzet’in (ö. 1876) öğrencisidir. Sultan Abdülmecid (h. 1839-1861) Mustafa İzzet’i ikinci imamlığa atayınca, Muhammed Şefik hocasının yerine Musika-i Hümayun’un ve Saray’ın hüsnühat hocalığı görevine getirilmiştir. Muhammed Şefik, Sultan Abdülmecid’in yaptırdığı caminin yazılarını yazmak üzere 1855’te Sakız adasına gönderilmiş, aynı yıl depremde zarar gören Bursa Ulu Cami’nin kitabelerinin onarımı için de görevlendirilmiştir. Sultan Abdülmecid’in türbesinin yazılarını da Muhammed Şefik yazmıştır. Hattatın bu eserinin son sayfasına yazdığı satırlarda, kendisinin Mustafa İzzet talebesi el-Seyyid Şefik olduğunu ve eseri 1269 yılında istinsah ettiğini belirtir (y.27a). Kuran-ı Kerim’in 30.cüzü olan Amme cüzü Nebe suresiyle başlar Nas suresiyle biter. Bu cüzde son kısma Fatiha suresi de eklenmiştir (y.26b).Binding: Miklepli cildin dış kapakları vişne çürüğü renk deridir. Cildin dış kapaklarının ortasında içi çiçeklerle dolu bir vazo vardır. Vazonun dışındaki alana agantus yaprakları, rozet çiçeklerden oluşan bezeme yapılmıştır. Dal yaprak ve rozet çiçek dizileri ise enli pervazın içini doldurur. Aletle yapılan süslemeler, sarı ve yeşil tonunda altın ve yer yer gümüşle renklendirilmiştir. İç kapaklar ve yan kağıtlar, baskıyla yapılmış bitkisel motifli nohudi renkte kağıtla kaplıdır.Illuminations: Nebe suresi altın zemine yeşil yapraklı, pembe renkli iri güller, renk renk rozet çiçek dizileri, çiçeklerle dolup taşan sepetler, mavi, pembe, mor agantus yaprakları, içi çiçeklerle dolu bereket boynuzlarıyla süslü unvan tezhibiyle başlar (y.1b). Nebe suresinin ilk iki sayfa kenarını altınla boyalı iri rozet çiçekli, bol yapraklı dallar doldurur (y.1b-2a). Sure başları altın zeminli kartuş içine üstübeç mürekkebiyle nesih hatla yazılmış, kartuşun iki yanına altın zemine iri çiçekli ve bol yeşil yapraklı bir dal yerleştirilmiştir. Ketebe satırlarının sonundaki dar alan altın zemine pembe, mavi, mor agantus yaprakları ve aynı renklerde iri çiçeklerden oluşan dallarla tezhiplenmiştir.Measurements: 22,5 x 15,6 cm. 27 yaprak, sayfada 9 satırScript: Nesih; Sülüs; Naskhī; Thuluth
Excerpts from the
Risālah fī al-Ṣināʿah al-falsafīyahby al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Bukhārī al-Naqshabandī, a native of Constantinople (see scribal correction above line 2, f. 111r). The compiler explains his method of abridgement and tells us a bit more about this unknown author in a note appended to the title (f. 111r): وهو جمع رسالته من كتب الصنعة ولم يكن واصلاً من الصنعة بشيء فأخذنا من رسالته ما كان مشروعًا ومعقولاً وتركنا ما كان واهيًا مجهولاً ‘He [sc. al-Bukhārī al-Naqshabandī] compiled his treatise from the books of alchemy and had no direct connection with alchemy at all. We took from his treatise what is lawful and reasonable and we left what is trivial and obscure.’Directly after the colophon there follow eleven lines in the same hand which are apparently not part of the same text because they have been struck through, and partially erased to make room for the colophon.Begins (f. 111r, lines 2 - 6):قال الشيخ السيد البخاري رحمه الله في رسالة له في الصناعة الفلسفيةالباب الثاني في معرفة صحّة وجود الصنعة بالدلائل الشرعية منها قوله تعالىومما يوقدون عليه في النار ابتغاء حلية أو متاع زبده مثله فالخالق سبحانه وتعالى عيّن عبادَه بأنّهسخّر لهم النارَ في تحصيل الحلي أصولاً وفروعًا أي جسدًا وهيئةً وفي تحصيل كل ما يحتاج إلىالنار ...Ends (f. 112, lines 5 - 8):... وقال ينبغي أن يكون الكانون شبرين في شبرين وعلوهامثل عرضها وتجعل له ثقبة خلفه من أعلاه لمصروف الدخان وباب الكانون شبر في شبرٍوينبغي أن يكون الكانون مهندمًا والوقيد على ثلثة أنواع أحدها الحطبوالثاني بالفحم والثالث بالسرجين يعني الزبل ...Colophon (f. 112, line 8):... تمت الفوائد الملقطة من رسالة السيد البخاري رحمه اللهff. 111r-112rMaterial: PaperDimensions: 215 x 150 mm leaf [168 x 112 mm written]Foliation: British Museum foliation in pencil; Arabic foliation in the purple crayon typical of Lebanese bookdealers of the 19th centuryRuling:
Misṭarah; 19 lines per page; vertical spacing 11 lines per 10 cm (ff. 113r-158v: 29 lines per page; vertical spacing 17 lines per 10 cm)Script:
Naskhwith
nasta‘līqtendencies and some titles in
thuluth(ff. 113r-158v:
naskh)Scribes: Qudrat Allāh al-Marandī al-Ādharī (ff. 3r-112v) and Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Mawṣilī (ff. 113r-158v)Ink: Black ink, with rubricated, yellow and green headings and overlinings in red (ff. 113r-158v: black)Binding: British Museum bindingCondition: Some worm damage, foxing, and tears towards the fore edge. Folios 19, 21 and 24 have been replaced.Marginalia: Extensive marginal corrections, conjectures, glosses in Arabic and Persian and other evidence of collation and textual study (ff. 113r-158v: very few)
Comprehensive introduction to the principles of astrology by Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī (أبو الريحان محمد بن أحمد البيروني, ca 973-1048). The text is written in question and answer format (على طريق المسئلة والجواب, f. 2v, line 8), and it deals with the sciences needed by the astrologer: geometry, arithmetic and number theory, and judicial astrology (see f. 2v, lines 8-9). The author states that he composed the work for Rayḥānah bint al-Ḥasan (ريحانة بنت الحسن , f. 2v, lines 7-8).The text contains numerous diagrams and tables.The earliest ownership inscription is dated Rajab 839/January-February 1436 (f. 1r, see Custodial History), so it is likely that the copy was completed at or shortly before this dateBegins (f. 2v, lines 3-7):قال إن الإحاطة بهيئة العالم وكيفية شكل ألسماء والأرض وما بينهما على وجه الأخبارالمأخوذة بالتقليد نافعة جدًا في صناعة التنجيم لأن بها يقع للمستمع دربةيعتاد فيها الألفاظ الجارية فيما بين أهلها ويسهل تصورها ومعانئها حتىإذا عاد عليها متعرفًا وجوده عللها وبراهينها أتاها بفكرة مجردة لاجتمععليها تعب كلي الجانبين ...End (f. 158v, line 14-159r, line 1):... وعند البلوغ إلى هذا الموضع من الصناعة التنجيم كفاية ومن بعدها فقد عرّضنفسه وصناعته لما بلغت إليها لأن من السخرية والاستهذاء فقد جهلها المنتسبون إليهافضلًا على المتيقنين بها والله المستعان والحمد لواهب الحيوةColophon (f. 159r, lines 2-6):تم كتاب التفهيم لأوائل صناعة التنجيمتصنيف أبي الريحان محمد بن أحمد البيرونيرحمه الله عليه رحمة واسعةًوصلواته على محمد وآله الطاهرينوالحمد لله أولًا وآخرًاCodex; ff. i+159+iiMaterial: PaperDimensions: 225 x 150 mm leaf [143 x 105 mm written]Foliation: British Museum foliation in pencilRuling:
Misṭarah; 15 lines per page; vertical spacing 11 lines per 10 cmScript:
Naskh; title on title page in
thuluth(f. 1r); labels in one diagram in
kufī(f. 16r)Ink: Black ink, with rubricated headings (some corrupting to silver) and tables and diagrams in black and redBinding: Islamic binding in Morocco leather with envelope flap; blind tooled medallion with pendants and corner pieces all containing flowers on both boards and flapCondition: Minor water damage; upper quarter of f. 1 mutilated and repairedMarginalia: Very fewSeals: ff. 1r and 2r
Folios from a painted manuscript. Illustrated and signed.Culture: Islamic, IranianMaterials/Techniques: ink, opaque pigment, gold, and paperNote: General note: Single page paintings/drawings later incorporated into an album.Note: Production: Iran
Folios from a painted manuscript. Illustrated and signed.Culture: Islamic, IranianMaterials/Techniques: ink, opaque pigment, gold, and paperNote: General note: Single page paintings/drawings later incorporated into an album.Note: Production: Iran
Folios from a painted manuscript. Illustrated and signed.Culture: Islamic, IranianMaterials/Techniques: ink, opaque pigment, gold, and paperNote: General note: Single page paintings/drawings later incorporated into an album.Note: Production: Iran
A treatise on alchemy attributed to Abū Hāshim Khālid ibn Yāzīd al-Umawī (ca 48 AH/AD 668 - 85 AH/AD 704), the Umayyad prince credited (probably spuriously) with sponsoring the first translations in Islam, and notably the first translations of alchemical texts into Arabic (Ibn Nadīm,
Fihrist, 303). The text was copied in late Rajab 919 (Sept-Oct 1513) at al-Madrasah al-Maulawiyyah al-ʿAlawiyyah in Fez by Qudrat Allāh al-Marandī al-Ādharī (see colophon, f. 14r).Incipit (fol. 11b, lines 3-6):وبعد رأيت الناس قد طلبوا صنعة الحكمة في كل عصر ورأيت الحكماءقديمًا كرهوا إذاعتها وصانوها عن الجهال وكانوا أكرم أخلاقًا وأحسن مذاهبًامن أنْ يضنّوا بها بها [sic] على العقلاء الأبرار فلو لم يكتموها ويضعوها للكشفوالبيان والمصرّح فتصير إلى السفلة والأوضاع الرذلة ...Explicit (fols 13b, line 16-14a, line 1):... فيلزم بعضهببعض ويتمازجا ويصيرا شيئًا واحدًا لأنّ الطبيعة تلزم الطبيعةوالطبيعة تظفر بالطبيعة هذا حقّ لمن عقله وفهمه وكباريتالأشياء أدهانها وبالأدهان يجري ومن أجل ذلك وقفوا عن الكباريت[fol. 14a] وهي تصابر النار بعد التدبير ولا تفارقه الجسود ولا تأبق ولا تتغيّرColophon (fol. 14a, line 2-7):تمّت الرسالة بحمد اللّه وحسن توفيقهوصلّى اللّه على سيّدنا محمد خاتمالنبيين وعلى آلهوصحبه أجمعينوسلم تسليمًاكثيرًافي أواخر شهر الله الأصمّمن شهور سنة تسعة عشروتسعمائة على يد قدرة اللهالمرندي الآذريبأرض المغرببمدينة فاس صانها الله عن الاندراسفي المدرسة المولوية العلويةروّح اللّه روح بانيهاآمينff. 11v-14aMaterial: PaperDimensions: 215 x 150 mm leaf [168 x 112 mm written]Foliation: British Museum foliation in pencil; Arabic foliation in the purple crayon typical of Lebanese bookdealers of the 19th centuryRuling:
Misṭarah; 19 lines per page; vertical spacing 11 lines per 10 cm (ff. 113r-158v: 29 lines per page; vertical spacing 17 lines per 10 cm)Script:
Naskhwith
nasta‘līqtendencies and some titles in
thuluth(ff. 113r-158v:
naskh)Scribes: Qudrat Allāh al-Marandī al-Ādharī (ff. 3r-112v) and Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Mawṣilī (ff. 113r-158v)Ink: Black ink, with rubricated, yellow and green headings and overlinings in red (ff. 113r-158v: black)Binding: British Museum bindingCondition: Some worm damage, foxing, and tears towards the fore edge. Folios 19, 21 and 24 have been replaced.Marginalia: Extensive marginal corrections, conjectures, glosses in Arabic and Persian and other evidence of collation and textual study (ff. 113r-158v: very few)