This volume contains part 1 of the subject 'Persia Gulf'. It concerns Britain's relations with Bin Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] following the latter's occupation of Ottoman-ruled El Hassa [Al Hasa] and Nejd [Najd]. Much of the correspondence is concerned with how Bin Saud's occupation of Nejd and El Hassa will affect the continuing Anglo-Turkish negotiations [for the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, which was never ratified] and British foreign policy in the region more generally.Also discussed in the volume are the following: whether the British should allow the transhipment of Ottoman troops in Bahrein waters; a visit (regarded after the event as 'ill-advised' by the Secretary of State for India) paid by the Political Agent, Koweit [Kuwait], Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, to Bin Saud, at Majma'a [Al Majma], six weeks before Bin Saud occupied El Hassa; the death of Sheikh Jasim-bin-thani [Shaikh Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī, Ruler of Qatar]; British hopes of securing the early withdrawal of the Turkish garrison from El Katr [Qatar]; reports that the Turkish Government intends to respond to the events in Nejd by appointing Bin Saud as Mutessarif [Mutasarrif] of the district.The following principal correspondents appear in the volume: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Sir Percy Zachariah Cox; the Viceroy of India [Charles Hardinge]; the Secretary of State for India, the Marquess of Crewe [Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes]; the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India, Thomas William Holderness; His Majesty's Ambassador at Constantinople, Gerard Augustus Lowther; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Sir Edward Grey; the Political Agent, Koweit; Bin Saud.The part includes a divider that gives the subject and part number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in the part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 volume (155 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.The subject 2182 (Persia Gulf) consists of 8 volumes: IOR/L/PS/10/384-391. The volumes are divided into 12 parts with part 1 comprising the first volume, part 2 comprising the second volume, part 3 comprising the third volume, parts 4-5 comprising the fourth volume, part 6 comprising the fifth volume, parts 7-8 comprising the sixth volume, parts 9-10 comprising the seventh volume, and parts 11-12 comprising the eighth volume.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 155; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers.
This file contains correspondence regarding the visit of Anthony Eden and his son to the Middle East. Related matters of discussion include the following: approval of the visit from the Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations; arrangements for the visit, including details of all the places where the Edens will be staying.The file also contains political opinion regarding Persia, and a schedule of the twenty-three-day visit to the Middle East.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Commonwealth Relations Office, the Foreign Office, officers acting on behalf of the British Middle East Office, Cairo.The file includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 file (21 folios)The file's contents are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 23, these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file contains correspondence between the Foreign Office and the British Embassy at Kuibyshev [Samara, Russia], regarding Sultan Beg Husseinzadeh, a political subversive active between Persian Azerbaijan and Afghanistan, who is to be handed over to Soviet authorities.1 file (7 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 7; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Correspondence and other papers relating to the Soviet Union’s demand, made to the Iranian Government during the Anglo-Soviet occupation of the country in the Second World War, for an oil concession agreement in northern Persia [Iran]. The file, which is chiefly comprised of correspondence between the British Ambassador at Tehran, Reader William Bullard, and the Foreign Office, covers: the deterioration in relations between the Soviet Union and the Iranian Governments, in the wake of the Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Sa’ed’s consideration and subsequent refusal to grant the Soviet Government oil concessions in Persia; the activities of the Soviet Assistant Commissar in Tehran, Sergey Kavtaradze, and his efforts to persuade the Sa’ed Government to grant Soviet Russia oil concessions in northern Persia; Sa’ed’s resignation in November 1944, and the subsequent political crisis in Iranian Government that ensued; descriptions of reports in the Iranian press, Soviet press, and pro-Soviet newspapers affiliated to the Tudeh Party of Iran. The file also includes a report entitled ‘An Account of the Kavir-i-Khourian Oil Concession North Persia’, prepared by the Research Department at the Foreign Office in September 1945, and illustrated with map and photographs (ff 10-21).The file includes a small amount of text in French (extracts of Iranian newspaper articles and Iranian Government laws).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 file (325 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 327; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence between ff 135-145, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
This file relates to the renewal of the 1891 Commercial Treaty between Britain and Muscat. The original treaty was given a term of twelve years, which was extended at regular intervals afterwards, initially for several years at a time and later on an annual basis.The file concerns the replacement of the existing treaty with a new treaty, following a request from the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd] that the two parties enter into negotiations to revise the existing treaty. Matters covered include the following: informal discussions with the Sultan regarding the revision of the existing treaty; the Sultan's reported unwillingness to agree to any further renewals of the treaty in its existing form after 11 February 1938; amendments to the initial draft of the new revised treaty, and the preparation of signature copies, in English and Arabic; the signing and ratifying of the new treaty, on 5 and 7 February 1939 respectively; the extension of the provisions of the treaty to certain British territories.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Secretary of State for India; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman; officials of the India Office, the Foreign Office, the Dominions Office, the Colonial Office, and the Government of India.In addition to correspondence, the file includes the following: copies of the initial draft of the revised treaty, in English and Arabic (ff 18-53 and ff 54-70 respectively); a signature copy of the draft treaty, in Arabic (ff 100-111); copies of the draft certificate of exchange of ratifications, in English and Arabic (f 177 and ff 179-180).The file's Arabic material consists of the aforementioned copies of the treaty, several items of correspondence, and a transcript of a speech given by the Political Resident on the occasion of the signing of the treaty (English translations are included).1 file (244 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 246; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 100-241; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The file covers the arrangement for dismissing local employees in case of British evacuation from Iran.The file is composed solely of internal correspondence between the Foreign Office, the India Office, the Government of India, and the Treasury.1 file (9 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 11. These numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file is concerned with the purchase of twenty second-hand Hawker Hind aircraft by the Afghan Government with associated accessories, weapons, and spares. The aircraft in question was purchased from the British Government by the Government of India for resale to Afghanistan. The file contains correspondence related to ordering and shipping the aircraft, and arrangements for financing and making payments. The supply of a number of replacement Kestrel V engines is also documented within the file, as a result of a number of supplied engines proving to be unserviceable; a report outlining possible reasons for the engine failures can be found on folio 141. See folios 32-38 for a copy of the final agreement governing the purchase.The file also contains a limited amount of correspondence related to the maintenance of the British aviation instructors employed at Kabul, as the continued employment of these instructors was a condition stipulated by the British Government for the sale of the aircraft. A report written by Edward George Honeywood Russell-Stracey on the work undertaken by these instructors during 1938 can be found on folios 520-525.The main correspondents are as follows: HM Minister at Kabul (William Kerr Fraser-Tytler), officials of the Air Ministry, officials of the Foreign Office, officials of the India Office (George Edmond Crombie and Roland Tennyson Peel), and officials of the External Affairs Department of the Government of India.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 file (537 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 538; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file concerns the British Consulate buildings at Kerman.The file covers:payment of lease of the buildings to Agha Mirza Hussein Khan Isfandiari (initially referred to as Sardar Nasrat)repayment of loan granted to Agha Mirza Hussein Khan Isfandiarinegotiations for the purchase of the buildings and surrounding gardensmaintenance and repairswater supply for irrigating the Consulate gardensStatements comparing the Expenditure incurred by the Government of India on Diplomatic and Consular Services in Iran in the year 1928-29 with that in the previous year(folios 15-27).The file is composed of correspondence between the Viceroy, the Foreign Office, the India Office, the Government of India, the British Consulate at Kerman, the British Legation at Tehran, and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and Agha Mirza Hussein Khan Isfandiari.1 file (107 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 108; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file contains papers relating to the defence of Muscat.It includes papers regarding: the position of the Sultan of Muscat in the event of the outbreak of war (since he was an independent sovereign and therefore his state would not automatically be on the side of the British Empire in war); the conditions under which the Sultan was prepared to grant the necessary facilities (in particular air facilities) in his territories to the British Government during the Second World War, including a monthly subsidy to the Sultan of 20,000 rupees for the duration of the war and for a period after the cessation of hostilities, and the gift of military equipment; and the decision of the British Government to continue the Muscat War Subsidy after the end of the War until the end of 1946, and to present a token gift of arms and ammunition to the Sultan on the termination of the War Subsidy, in recognition of his assistance during the War.Much of the file concerns the Muscat War Subsidy Agreement, but it also includes papers relating to the appointment of a Military Adviser to the Sultan of Muscat, and the recruitment of a Commandant of the Muscat Infantry.The papers mostly consist of correspondence, but they also include: India Office internal minute papers; a copy of a paper entitled ‘Appreciation of the Situation Regarding the Defence of Muscat Against Tribal Attack and Sabotage’, by Major R G Price, Air Headquarters, British Forces in Iraq, January 1939, which includes two photographs [IOR/L/PS/12/3937, f 427]; papers of the War Cabinet Official Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, including minutes of the first meeting of the Committee on 22 September 1939, on the subject of Muscat; a note of a meeting to discuss the Muscat War Subsidy, held at the India Office on 12 February 1946, between representatives of the India Office, the Treasury, the Foreign Office, the Admiralty, the War Office, the Air Ministry, and the Ministry of Civil Aviation.The main correspondents are as follows: the India Office (and the Commonwealth Relations Office from 1947); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Admiralty Military Branch; the Foreign Office; the War Office; the Government of India External Affairs Department; the Government of India Defence Department; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman (Saiyid Said bin Taimur); the Political Agent and HM Consul, Muscat; the Air Ministry; the Treasury; and the Ministry of Civil Aviation.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 file (430 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 431; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
This file, which largely consists of copies of Foreign Office correspondence, discusses details of appointments in the Government of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Also included are profiles of prominent figures in the Hejazi and Nejdi kingdom. Related matters of discussion include the following:Harry St John Bridger Philby's presence in Jedda.Fuad Bey Hamza's role as Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs for the Hejaz and Nejd.The appointment of Amir Faisal [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd] as Hejazi Minister for Foreign Affairs.The Political Resident in the Persian Gulf's frustration at the Foreign Office's refusal to provide a copy of a publication entitled 'Personalities in Saudi Arabia', on the grounds that such reports should not be distributed to officers who do not serve directly under the Foreign Office.The death of Abdulla bin Jiluwi [‘Abdullāh bin Jilūwī Āl Sa‘ūd], former Governor of Hassa [Hasa].The file features the following principal correspondents: His Majesty's Agent and Consul at Jedda (Hugh Stonehewer Bird, succeeded by William Linskill Bond); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (William Linskill Bond, succeeded by Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle); the Political Agent, Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch); officials of the India Office and Foreign Office; correspondents from the Hejazi/Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs, including Amir Faisal in his new role as Minister for Foreign Affairs.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).1 file (73 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 74; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-73; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
The file contains reports on the conditions of life at the consular posts at Kerman and Bandar Abbas, sent to the Foreign Office by the British Consulate at Kerman and Bandar Abbas.1 file (10 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 12; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file concerns the claim of the Government of Iran (generally referred to as the Government of Persia) to territorial sovereignty over Bahrein [Bahrain].The papers include: the Iranian claim in the light of the Bahrain oil concession; representations by the Government of Iran to the League of Nations, and the involvement of League in the dispute; summary of diplomatic correspondence, 1927-29 (folios 506-511); India Office 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 14 July 1934 - a historical summary of the political status of Bahrain, and Persian claims to sovereignty; the submission of the question by the India Office to the Law Officers of the Crown, 1934 (folios 466-472), and the report of the Law Officers of the Crown (folios 400-403), stating their opinion that Persia had no rights of sovereignty or suzerainty over Bahrain; the view of the Foreign Office (subsequently adopted) that references in public pronouncements to the independence of Bahrain needed to be qualified by the statement that the ruler was 'in special treaty relations with His Majesty's Government' (folios 378-380); the status of Tamb and Abu Musa (folio 361); the imposition of Iranian import duty on aviation oil supplied to Bahrain (folios 315-316); the views of the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf on the dangers of submitting the question to international arbitration (folios 308-314); similarities to the dispute between the United States of America (USA) and the Netherlands over Palmas Island [Miangas or Palmas, Indonesia] (e.g. folios 306-307); the views of the Government of Saudi Arabia (folios 268-270); the issue of passports and visas; transcripts of articles in support of the Iranian position in the Iranian and Arabic language press; the effect of the Bahrain nationality and property laws; Italian propaganda in support of the Iranian claim (folio 243); comparison with the Falkland Islands (folio 210); the refusal of the Iranian postal authorities to accept mails from Bahrain (folio 186); the involvement of the United Nations Organisation; Foreign Office 'Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 13 January 1947, substantially based on the India Office 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' of 1934 (folios 97-126); Soviet propaganda over Bahrain (folio 57); the presence in Tehran of a person claiming to represent the Bahrain National Party (folios 50-54); and correspondence dated 1948 concerning the size and position of the Persian community in Bahrain, including a letter on the subject from Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (folios 25-37).The file contains significant correspondence from the Foreign Office, HM Minister, Tehran (later the British Ambassador to Tehran), and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.The French language content of the file consists of approximately thirty folios of diplomatic correspondence and newspaper extracts.The file also contains copies of earlier correspondence, dated 1927-31.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 file in 3 parts (519 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.Foliation: this file consists of three physical parts. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover of part one with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover of part three with 525; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-524; these numbers are printed, but are not circled.