The volume discusses the ongoing negotiations in Constantinople between the Ottoman, British and Russian Governments through 1912 and 1913 regarding the Turco-Persian Frontier. Also discussed is the decision in July 1913 to establish a delimitation commission to which Albert Charles Wratislaw and Arnold Talbot Wilson are appointed as representatives of the British Government.Also discussed in the volume is the region of Kermanshah and in particular Qasr-i-Shirin [Qaşr-e Shīrīn], along with the Anglo-Persian Oil Company's concerns over the rights accorded to them in their 1901 concession should some of that territory be ceded to Turkey.Further discussion relates to the movements of Russian and Turkish troops near the frontier and the withdrawal of Turkish troops from certain places along the frontier.This volume is part two of two. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 volume (334 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.The subject 1356 (Turco-Persian Frontier) consists of 2 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/266-267. The volumes are divided into 2 parts, with each part comprising one volume.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 334; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and ending flyleaves. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The volume contains correspondence, memorandums, maps and newspaper cuttings relating to a proposed Baghdad to Basra railway, an extension of the German Berlin to Baghdad Railway. Correspondents include: Percy Cox, Political Resident at Bushire, William Shakespear, Political Agent at Kuwait, Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Francis Bertie, British Ambassador to France, Louis Mallet, Assistant Under-secretary of State for Near and Middle Eastern Affairs, Arthur Nicolson, Permanent Under-secretary for Foreign Affairs, Gerard Lowther, British Ambassador to Constantinople, George Buchanan, British Ambassador to Russia, Edward Goschen, British Ambassador to Berlin, the Board of Trade, William Graham Greene, Permanent Secretary to the Board of Admiralty, the Government of India, the India Office, and Sheikh Mubarak of Kuwait.The volume covers the discussion over various matters, with numerous draft conventions and agreements sent back and forth between the various governmental offices and departments. Documents relating to Cox's successful attempts to obtain the acceptance of the agreement from Sheikh Khazal of Mohammerah and Sheikh Mubarak of Kuwait are also included. The issues discussed as matters for agreement with Turkey include:the status of Kuwait, including territorial limits and relations with Britain and Ottoman Turkey;the conservancy of the Shatt al-Arab, including the establishment of a Navigation Commission;the ownership and control of the Baghdad Railway and the question of its extension beyond Basra;the boundary between Turkish Arabia and Persia;other Persian Gulf matters such as Turkish power and influence in Katr [Qatar] and Bahrain.Other subjects that feature are Sheikh Mubarak's temporary illness, and reports of the dispatch of Turkish troops to Qatar, contrary to agreements.1 volume (355 folios)The volume is arranged chronologically.Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using circled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of recto pages. There is an earlier foliation system that runs through the volume, using pencil numbers in the top-right corner of recto pages, as well as the top-left corner of any verso pages bearing written or printed matter.The following anomalies occur: 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 104b, 278a.The following folios are foldouts: 1 (attached to inside front cover), 14, 15, 25, 46, 66, 82, 83, 89, 92, 125, 126, 208, 218-22, 231, 294, 338, 340.
In continuation of Persia No 1 (1911): Cd 5656.Consists of correspondence and memoranda, primarily between HM Minister at Tehran, HM Ambassador to Russia, HM Councillor at Tehran, the Russian Minister at Tehran, and the Persian Government.1 item (98 folios)A table of contents can be found at folios 76-84.
The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to a loan made to the Persian Government in April 1903, and further advances made during 1904 and 1905.The discussion in the volume relates to the terms of the loan agreements including possible concessions and collateral that could be secured against them; and agreements with the Imperial Bank of Persia through whom the money was loaned. Also discussed is the definition of the term 'Fars and the Persian Gulf' in relation to customs duties, as this was one of the concessions that the 1903 loan was secured against.Further discussion surrounds loans and advances which the Persian Government were negotiating with the Russian Government; and a proposal for an irrigation scheme on the Karun River which was considered as a possible concession in return for a further loan advance.Included in the volume is a copy of the
Règlement Douaniersigned on the 29 August 1904 between representatives of the Persian Government and His Majesty's Government (ff 193-232).The principal correspondents in the volume include the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Lord Lansdowne, Sir Edward Grey), the British Minister to Persia (Sir Arthur Henry Hardinge), the Under Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Charles Hardinge, Sir Thomas Henry Sanderson), and for India (Earl Percy, Sir Arthur Godley), the Viceroy of India (Lord Curzon of Keddleston), the Secretary to the Political and Secret Department of the India Office (Sir Richmond Richie) and the London Manager of the Imperial Bank of Persia (George Newell).The volume is part 1 of 4. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 volume (526 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.The subject 2410 (Persia Loans) consists of 4 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/8-11. The volumes are divided into 4 parts with each part comprising one volume.The foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 526; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The volume comprises correspondence, despatches, memoranda, notes and reports on the financial situation in Persia and the possibility of a joint Anglo-Russian loan to the Persian Government. The terms of the joint loan, including financial reforms which would have to be undertaken by the Persian Government, are discussed in detail.Included in the volume are summaries of the financial situation from 1903 onwards, records of the loans made to the Persian Government in 1903 and 1904 and repayments made against them, and discussion on the Persian Government’s difficulties in paying their debts. Also discussed is a request from the Persian Government in 1910 for a conversion loan from the Imperial Bank of Persia in order to consolidate their debts.The principal correspondents are the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey), the British Minister in Tehran (Sir Charles Murray Marling, Sir George Heard Barclay) and the British Ambassador to Russia (Sir Arthur Nicolson), along with representatives of the India Office, Foreign Office and Treasury.Other correspondents include the Russian Imperial Minister for Foreign Affairs (Count Alexander Petrovich Izvolsky), the French Financial Adviser to the Persian Government (Eugène Bizot) and the Belgian Administrator-General of Persian Customs (Joseph Mornard).The correspondence from the Government departments from May 1910 onwards contains a thick black border according to official mourning protocol following the death of King Edward VII on 6 May 1910.The volume is part 3 of 4. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.1 volume (605 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.The subject 2410 (Persia Loans) consists of 4 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/8-11. The volumes are divided into 4 parts with each part comprising one volume.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 605; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file contains correspondence, reports and memoranda relating to the Baghdad Railway, and papers relating to Britain’s relations with Persia [Iran], and to a lesser extent, the Persian Gulf.Papers relating to the Baghdad Railway include the following memoranda: ‘Memorandum on the Baghdad Railway, and possible British participation therein’; ‘Memoranda containing a Brief Account of the Negotiations relating to the Baghdad Railway, 1898-1905’; and ‘Report (with Maps) on the country adjacent to the Khor Abdullah, and places suitable as Termini of the proposed Baghdad Railway’ (which includes two maps: Mss Eur F111/360, f 32 and Mss Eur F111/360, f 33).The file also includes:Copies of printed despatches from the Marquess of Lansdowne (Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice), Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, to Sir Charles Louis des Graz, Secretary of the British Legation, Tehran, dated August 1902, reporting conversations between himself and the Shah of Persia and the Atabeg-i-Azam (also spelled Atabek-i-Azam) concerning Britain’s relations with Persia, including the increase in the Persian Customs TariffHandwritten notes by George Nathaniel Curzon relating to Persia (folios 43 to 50)Newspaper extracts from
The Times, dated January 1902 and May 1903, relating to British interests in Persia and the Persian Gulf, and Russian relations with Persia (folios 54 to 63).The file includes a copy of a letter from Sir Nicholas Roderick O’Conor, British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, to the Marquess of Lansdowne, enclosing an extract from the
Moniteur Orientalof 15 August 1905, regarding the working of the recently completed section of the Baghdad Railway from Konia to Eregli and Boulgourlou, which is in French. The file also includes a copy of a letter from Joseph Naus to Sir Arthur Hardinge, HM Minister to Persia, 3 May 1903, relating to the export of cereals, which is also in French.1 file (64 folios)The papers from folios 1 to 42 are arranged in no apparent order, Curzon’s handwritten notes from folios 44 to 51 are enclosed in an envelope - folio 43, and the newspaper cuttings from folios 54 to 63 are enclosed in an envelope - folio 52.Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 64; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
The file concerns publicity about Bahrain in newspapers and journals, much of it of a sensitive or critical nature. The sources of the articles are the British and Indian press, the European press (Italian and German newspapers), and the Arabic press (based in Iraq, Egypt, and Syria). The transcripts of articles from the Arabic language press appear in English translations. The transcripts of articles and press summaries are accompanied by correspondence from British officials (especially the Political Agent, Bahrain and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf), Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Bahrain Government, and other officials.The papers include:correspondence between Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agent, Bahrain, Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and William Arthur Moore, editor of the
Statesman, Calcutta, dated January - February 1934 and November - January 1935 concerning a proposal that Moore come to Bahrain in 1935 in order to write a series of articles about the Persian Gulf;correspondence relating to the correction of an inaccuracy in an article entitled 'Persian Gulf Oil Wells' published in the
Observerof 15 April 1934, dated May - July 1934;papers relating to an anonymous article critical of Belgrave in the
AlShababnewspaper of Cairo dated 6 October 1937 entitled 'The Country of Bahrain: What Befell her through Colonisation', including attempts to identify the author of the article, November 1937 and August - September 1938, discussion of counter-propaganda, December 1937 - February 1938, and four 'counter-propaganda' articles by Belgrave for insertion in the Arabic press entitled 'Bahrain and what is Said about it', February 1938;papers concerning an extract from the
Bombay Chronicledated 3 January 1938 containing a letter entitled 'Plight of Indians in Bahrain Petroleum Company', in which seven Indian employees had made complaints about working conditions, pay, and accommodation at the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO), February - July 1938;press agency reports issued by L'Orient Arabe, Cairo containing details of articles in the Arabic press relating to the Persian Gulf, July - September 1938;translation of anonymous article published in
Al-Rabita El-Arabiahdated 31 August 1938 entitled 'People of Bahrain are Displeased with the Bad Administration of the British Authority';translation of article that appeared in the
Frankfurter Zeitungof 7 August 1938 entitled 'On the Bahrain Islands: the Play for Oil and Power in the Persian Gulf'.The Arabic and French language content of the file is confined to letterheads of L'Orient Arabe, Cairo, apart from an Arabic version of the pseudonym 'Young Man' at the end of the letter on folio 52.The last item of correspondence in the main body of the file is dated 21 September 1938. The closing date in the overall date range is supplied by a note on that item dated 15 November [1938].1 file (316 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. Occasional serial numbers in pencil and red crayon in the top right hand corner of the recto page of folios refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at 1 on the fourth folio after the front cover (the first bearing text) and terminates at 310 on the fourth before the back cover (the last bearing text). The numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and appear in the top right hand corner of the recto page of each folio. Foliation anomaly: ff. 58, 58A. The following folios need to be folded out (to almost A3 size) to be read: ff. 37, 38. In addition, a second, incomplete foliation sequence runs from 31-277 (ff. 39-285). These numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and appear in the same position as the main sequence.
This file contains a selection of correspondence and enclosures compiled by the India Office Political and Secret Department relating to arms traffic in the Persian Gulf from 1897-98.Correspondents include: the India Office, the Foreign Office, the Marquess of Salisbury, the Secretary of State for India, the Chargé d'Affaires in Tehran, the Admiralty, the Viceroy of India, the Government of India, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Sultan of Muscat, and various British merchant companies.The following topics are discussed:measures for the control of trade in arms and ammunition with Muscat;the power of the Crown to prohibit the export of arms and to stop the importation by British subjects or in British vessels;the Customs Consolidation Act and other treaties with Muscat;treaty engagements of Bahrein;the search and seizure of shipments at Muscat and Bushire including the SS
Tripoli, and SS
Baluchistan;the registration of arms;grievances of British merchants over loss of trade.It contains three short treaty extracts in French.1 file (27 folios)This file consists of a single document with re-printed correspondence arranged in chronological order.Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 1, and terminates at f 27, it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
This file contains a selection of correspondence and enclosures compiled by the India Office Political and Secret Department relating to arms traffic in the Persian Gulf from 1897-98.Correspondents include: the Political Agent and Consul at Maskat [Muscat], the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Foreign Office, the Viceroy of India, the Board of Customs, the Consul-General for Fars, the Chargé d'Affaires in Tehran, the India Office, the Government of India, the Secretary of State for India, and various British merchant companies.The following topics are discussed:the seizure of arms on board SS
Baluchistan;an assessment of the current situation regarding arms traffic and steps recently taken for its suppression;British and Persian firms engaged in the arms trade;the confiscation of arms at Bushire;Persian prohibition, and British interests in coming to agreement with the Persian Government and assisting in enforcing Persian regulations;methods of trade;policy for the future;the registration of arms and ammunition;the case of Fracis Times & Co. v. The Sea Insurance Company (Limited)It contains three letters in French.1 file (26 folios)This file consists of a single document with re-printed correspondence arranged chronologically.Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 28, and terminates at f 53, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
The memorandum was created based on the re-awakened interest on the part of the French for Sheikh Said [Shēk Seyd], and is a collection of information held in the Political and Secret Department of the India Office relating to the territory. It Includes a summary of: the acquisition of Sheikh Said by a French company; Turkish claims to sovereignty; the importance of Sheikh Said's location in terms of Perim [Jazīrat Mayyūn]; the extent of French occupation; and the erection of a Turkish fort at Torbeah.The file contains two extracts in French.1 file (3 folios)Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 55, and terminates at f 57, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 55-57; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
The file contains printed copies of correspondence, memoranda, and a periodical concerning Egypt and the Sudan (often written as Soudan). The papers relate to the negotiations between Britain and Egypt over the status of Sudan following the end of the British Protectorate in Egypt. They include memoranda by Foreign Office officials, correspondence between Field Marshall Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby (the High Commissioner in Cairo), and Lord Curzon, and copies of
The Near Eastwhich feature articles on Egypt and Sudan (folios 15-17).1 file (16 folios)The file is arranged in chronological order, from the front to the back.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 18; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-18; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
This file contains correspondence related to the Persian government's claim to sovereignty over the territory of Bahrain. The file contains documents that discuss whether or not Bahrain could be considered formally part of the British Empire, translations of a number of newspaper articles concerning the British role in Bahrain, correspondence between British and Persian officials regarding Bahrain's status and correspondence between British officials regarding the size (and status) of the Persian community in the country.The file also contains documents concerning the activities of a Bahraini national named Abdullah Zeera who travelled to Tehran in 1948 and claimed that Bahrainis wanted Persian rule to be re-established in Bahrain.A British Government Memorandum of Bahrain is contained on ff.152-183. The memorandum contains a history of the country from the pre-1783 era until 1946 and details of Britain's involvement in the country. The file also includes a history of the Bahrain islands (ff110-111) prepared by the Foreign Office Research Department.1 file (336 folios)File is arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of the file to most recent at end.Previously a correspondence file bound by treasury tags, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose. Foliation starts with the front cover and continues through to the back cover. Foliation numbers are positioned in the top right hand corner of the recto side , written in pencil and circled. Folios 238, 272, 305 and 324 each have two parts, As and Bs respectively. A secondary foliation system, also written in pencil but not circled, starts on folio 2. This system becomes a pagination system at folio 152 which continues whenever text is present on both sides of the folio. Folios 141A. 141B and 142 are contained within an envelope.