Genre/Subject Matter:This full length standing portrait shows two young sons of the Banī Shaybah family, gatekeepers of the Caaba.The two boys stand side-by-side in matching light-coloured outer robes, which are embroidered at the lapels; under their outer robes each of the boys wears a patterned
jalabiya. These garments appear to be cut from the same cloth, except that the pattern is inverted.The boy on the left wears a pale-coloured turban but the boy on the right wears a keffiyeh held in place by an agal.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the background appears to have been substituted.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIVPrinted beneath image, in ink:'Kinder aus der Familie der Benī Schēbah (Thorhüter der Ka’bah).'A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:131 x 93 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XIV’
ImprintHaag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1888Genre/Subject Matter:The volume contains 65 collotype prints (pasted on paper), 5 photolithographs, 4 lithographs and 1 other image. The majority of these – particularly the latter half of the volume – are group portraits of pilgrims en route to Mecca.These photographs were taken evidently in the same courtyard-like space, either at Jeddah or Mecca, where Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje was based from 1884. Although not clearly anthropometric, some of these images can be classified as ethnographic portraits.Other scenes are taken at Mecca and include some photolithographic reproductions of photographs that may have been taken by Muḥammad Ṣādiq Bey (1822 or 1823–1902 or 1903), an Egyptian army engineer who took the first photographs of Medina in 1861 and Mecca in 1880-81, whose photographic prints Hurgronje was aware of and may indeed have collected.Still more photographs may have been taken by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffār, Hurgronje’s working partner during his time in Mecca, and possibly sent to Hurgronje after his departure from the Arabian Peninsula in 1885.Finally, the print attributed to Siegfried Langer (1781.b.6/60) is not likely to have been taken by Langer, rather, according to Durkje van Der Wal in his publication Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885 (Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, p. 40), the studio portrait was purchased and presented to Snouck Hurgronje.Elements1 Die Moschee und der nordwestliche Theil der Stadt2 Die Moschee3 Die Ka’bah4 Die H̱amīdijjah (von Othman Pascha erbautes Regierungsgebäude).5 Othman Pascha mit dem egyptischen Maẖmal.6 Die von Othman Pascha erbaute Hauptwache (links im Hintergrund èç Çafa).7 ‘Aun èr-Rafīq, Grossscherif von Mekka (1882– ).8 Othman Pascha, 1882–86 Generalgouverneur des H̱idjāz.9 Thorhüter der Ka’bah.10 Vornehmer indischer Kaufmann und türkische Beambte in Mekka.11 Vornehmner Kaufmann mit seinem cirkassischen Sklaven.12 Muhammad Abd-èl-‘Azīz, Sohn des reg. Grossscherifs13 Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs.14 Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs.15 Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs.16 Vornehmer Sèjjid in Mekka.17 Vornehmer Sèjjid in Mekka.18 Mu’èddin (Aufrufer zum Gottesdienste).19 Kātib (Schreiber) des Grossscherifs.20 Mekkanischer Arzt.21 Sohn des Arztes.22 Kinder aus der Familie der Benī Schēbah (Thorhüter der Ka’bah).23 Sèjjid in Mekka.24 Mekkaner.25 Kaufleute (Mekka und Djiddah).26 Ali Rèjjis (aus einem Geschlechte von Obersten der Mu’èddin, welches von Abdallah ibn Zubair herstammen soll).27 Mu’èddin (Aufrufer zum Gottesdienste).28 Mitglieder verschiedener Scherifenfamilien in Mekka.29 Mitglieder verschiedener Scherifenfamilien in Mekka.30 Mitglieder verschiedener Scherifenfamilien in Mekka.31 Mitglieder verschiedener Scherifenfamilien in Mekka.32 Ein Stück der Kiswah (der brokanten Bekleidung der Ka’bah). ¼ der Originalgrösse.33 Negersklaven mit dem Ṯúmburah-orchester.34 Pilger aus Sukapura (Java).35 Buginesische Pilger (Celébes).36 Pilger aus Solok (Sumátra).37 Pilgerin aus Banten (Java).38 Pilger aus Baçrah.39 Pilger aus Baẖrain; in der Mitte ein Schēch aus Kabul.40 Pilger aus Zanzibar.41 Pilger aus Baghdad.42 Pilger aus Mandar (Celébes).43 Pilger aus Sumbáwa.44 Pilger aus Djapára (Java).45 Pilger aus Malang und Pasurúan (Java).46 Bettelnde Pilger aus Jèmèn.47 Pilger aus Marokko.48 Indischer Pilger.49 Derwische aus Buchara.50 Haupt der Schēche für malaiische Pilger.51 Schēch für malaiische Pilger.52 Pilger aus Moko-moko und Indrapura. (West-Sumátra.)53 Pilger aus Edi. (Nord- Sumátra.)54 Schēch der Bootsleute in Djiddah mit drei Zunftgenossen.55 Süssigkeitskrämer (Djiddah).56 Ausrufer und Mäkler (Djiddah).57 Mekkanerinn.58 Lohndiener und Eunuch mit dem Kinde seines Herrn.59 Mekkanerinn im Brautanzug.60 Damen in Haus- und Strassentoilette (Djiddah). Aufnahme von Siegfried Langer.61 Pilger aus Selahar (vulgo Saleyar).62 Pilger aus Pontianak (West-Borneo); links ein dort ansässiger Araber aus H̱adhramaut.63 Pilger aus Sambas (Borneo); hinter den Pilgern steht der Wakīl (Bevollmächtigte) des Schēchs.64 Pilger aus Martapura (Süd-Borneo).65 Pilger aus Ambon, Kei und Banda; links der Sohn eines Ambonesen mit einer Mekkanerinn.66 Pilger aus Batjan (Molukken); Sohn des Sultans, Oheim des Prinzen und ein Priester.67 Pilger aus Ternate.68 Pilger aus Palembang.69 Pilger aus Korintji (Sumátra); der hinter ihnen sitzende Schēch stammt auch aus Korintji.70 Pilger aus Mandaïling (Sumátra).71 Pilger aus Gross-Atjeh mit zwei “Wakīl’s”.72 In Mekka gebräuchliche Gegenstände.73 In Mekka gebräuchliche Gegenstände.74 In Mekka gebräuchliche Gegenstände.75 In Mekka gebräuchliche Gegenstände.InscriptionsFront fly leaf, in pencil: ‘1781.b.6’ ‘Text 10077L4’Rear fly leaf, in pencil: ‘1781.b.6’1 three-quarter leather, published volume (c. 82 pages), illustrated with 65 collotype prints, 5 photolithographs, 4 lithographs and 1 other image
Genre/Subject Matter:This full length portrait shows a man, described as a ‘member of a shereef family’, i.e. a descendant of Muhammad via his daughter Fatima. He faces forward, looking toward the camera.The man wears a mid-coloured outer-robe over a pale-coloured robe with a large janbiya held at his waist with a dark-coloured sash. His mid-coloured keffiyeh is held in place by an agal.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the background has been substituted completely and the pattern in the carpet on which he stands has been reinscribed.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XVIA circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:128 x 95 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XVI’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full length portrait shows two men, described as ‘members of various shereef families,' i.e. a descendant of Muhammad via his daughter Fatima.They face slightly left, looking forward.Both men wear dark-coloured outer-robes over a pale-coloured robes, open at the neck. Each wears a large janbiya held at his waist with a dark-coloured sash. On their heads they wear pale-coloured turbans and they each hold the handle of an umbrella or parasol in their right hands: that of the man on the right is pale-coloured while that of the man on the left is dark-coloured.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XVIA circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:127 x 96 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XVI’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full length seated portrait shows two men, described in the title as ‘members of various shereef families,' i.e. descendants of Muhammad via his daughter Fatima. They face slightly to the left, looking forward.The man on the right wears a dark-coloured robe, a pale-coloured, tasselled keffiyeh held in place by a dark-coloured agal and sandals. At his waist a janbiya can be seen emerging from his robes and he wears a ring on his little finger.The man on the left wears a pale-coloured outer-robe that is heavily embellished, perhaps embroidered, along the lapels over a white robe. On his head he wears a white turban with a dark-coloured cap. He wears polished leather shoes and he, too, wears a janbiya, which emerges from under his robe at the waist.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the background has been substituted, though the mat on which they are seated remains.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XVIA circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:127 x 95 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XVI’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full length seated portrait shows a man, described as a ‘member of a shereef family’, i.e. a descendant of Muhammad via his daughter Fatima. He faces slightly left and looks forward.The man wears a dark-coloured outer-robe over a pale-coloured robe, open at the neck. A large janbiya is held at his waist. His keffiyeh is held in place by a dark-coloured agal.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XVIA circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:127 x 96 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XVI’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait of a young man shows the son of the doctor shown in 1781.b.6/20, likely the photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffār, who collaborated with the photographer Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje.He wears a plain, dark-coloured outer robe over a patterned jalabiya, with a pale-coloured turban on his head. In his right hand the man grips the handle of a light-coloured umbrella or parasol. On his feet he wears shoes featuring an ornate buckle.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the man’s feet have been over-drawn due to overexposure at the lower left corner of the photograph.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIVPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Sohn des Arztes.’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:132 x 972 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XIV’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length standing portrait shows a very young boy, described in the title as a nephew of the Grand Scharīf. The boy faces to his left but looks towards the camera. His right hand holds the sash at his waist, which in turn holds a ceremonial janbiya in place.He wears a loose-fitting robe with a thin sash across his left shoulder and a turban on his head.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in many places. The original background has been substituted completely, except for the carpet the child stands on.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:130 x 93 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XII’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length standing portrait shows a very young boy, described in the title as a nephew of the Grand Scharīf. The boy faces forward towards the camera.A complicated sash, buckle and series of draped fabric or metal chains cover the boy’s chest and torso. He wears a dark-coloured hat with a light-coloured or silver circular motif at the front.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. The original background has been substituted completely.See also 1781.b.6/14Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:130 x 94 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XII’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length standing portrait shows a very young boy, described in the title as a nephew of the Grand Scharīf. The boy faces forward towards the camera.A complicated sash, buckle and series of draped fabric or metal chains cover the boy's chest and torso. He wears a dark-coloured hat with a light-coloured or silver circular motif at the front.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. The original background has been substituted completely, except for the white sheet the child stands on.See also 1781.b.6/15Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Neffe des reg. Grossscherifs’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:130 x 94 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XII’
Genre/Subject Matter:This street view outside the ‘Hamidiyah’, a two-storey building, described in the title as a government building constructed by Governor General Othman Pascha (cf. 1781.b.6/6; 1781.b.6/8), features many individuals in the foreground as well as a further multi-storeyed building on the right of the image. Awnings at the ground-floor level of the building on the right indicate that these may have been storefronts.The subject of this photograph is probably the same building identified in the drawing of a view inside the Masjid al-Haram (1781.b.6/2) as ‘front-side of the Hamidiyah’, indicating that the building – and therefore the viewpoint in this photograph – was probably situated south of the mosque.The style of the building is neo-classical with domed arches at the main portico as well as long square-shuttered windows on both floors. It was likely constructed during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II (1876–1909) and was therefore relatively new at the time that this photograph was taken. To each side of the main entrance are iron railings and two gas-lamps.The negative has had hand-work applied, creating a drawing-like quality.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:IVPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Die H̱amīdijjah (von Othman Pascha erbautes Regierungsgebäude).’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 photographic print
Genre/Subject Matter:This west-southwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Caaba and, behind it, the sacred mountain Jebel Abu Qubays (1220 ft / 460 m), which overlooks the Masjid al-Haram to the east. At the summit stands a squat, apparently unfinished structure which later became the Bilal mosque, according to later photographs, for example Photo 174/5 (
c.1907).The buildings that line the foothills of Abu Qubays, feature distinctive Ottoman-era architectural features, such as a
roshan(known elsewhere as mashrabiyya, or enclosed balcony), which are almost unchanged almost twenty years later in the same view by the Delhi-based photographers H. A. Mirza & Sons (Photo 174/5).Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:IIIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Die Ka’bah.’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.Temporal Context:This photograph was likely taken by the Egyptian photographer, army engineer and surveyor Muhammad S̱ādiq Bey (1832-1902). The attribution is claimed by Durkje van der Wal in his publication
Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885, Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, p. 40. As such the picture is likely to date to his 1881 visit to the city. How Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje acquired the image is unknown.1 photographic printDimensions:169 x 210 mmFormat:1 photographic print pasted into volumeCondition:The print is in good condition with one minor surface loss in the lower portion of the image.Foliation:‘III’
Genre/Subject MatterThis panoramic view over Mecca showing most of the Masjid al-Haram and the northwest portion of the city is likely a print of a drawing after a photograph or series of photographs of the same view by the Mekkan photographer, and doctor, al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffār.Numbers printed within the image refer to locations indicated in a key (in German) below the image. These are as follows: Office of the Qādhi; Castle on Jebel Hindi; Building housing the Zamzam well; Minbar; Maqām al-H̱anafī; Maqām al-Mālikī; and Maqām al-H̱anbalī.An additional note in German states that ‘the steps to the Caaba and the Maqām Ibrahīm, which is also the Maqām el-Schāfi’ī’, are obscured from view by the Zamzam building.'InscriptionsPrinted above image, in ink:IPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Die Moschee und der nordwestliche Theil der Stadt.’‘1. Amt des Qādhī’s. 2. Festung auf dem Djèbèl Hindī. 3. Gebäude des Zemzembrunnens. 7. Mimbar (Kanzel). 8. Maqām èl-H̱anafī. 9. Maqām èl-Mālikī. 10. Maqām èl-H̱ambalī. Die Treppen zur Ka’bah und der Maqām Ibrāhīm (zugleich Maqām ès-Schāfi’ī) sind hier durch das Zemzemgebäude dem Auge entzogen.’Scattered throughout image: numbers 1–3; 7–101 print (possibly lithographic) of a drawing after a photographDimensions:164 x 410 mmFormat:1 line engraving after a photograph, printed onto two pages and bound into volumeCondition:The print is in good condition with only minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘I’
Genre/Subject Matter:This south-southwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Caaba and surrounding structures is a print of a drawing after a photograph of the same view by the Meccan photographer, and doctor, al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffār. This photograph, in the collection of the Universiteit Leiden's Oriental Institute, is reproduced as Fig. 14 in F. E. Peters,
The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994.In the left background, a fortified structure can be seen. This is identified as ‘Jiyad Castle’. Some Ottoman-era buildings can be seen in the nearer background, immediately outside of the mosque, including a large pale-coloured building almost immediately below the castle. This is referred to as the Hamidiyah and is likely a building constructed during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II.Numbers printed within the image refer to locations indicated in a key (in German) below the image. These are as follows: Gate of the Banī Shaybah; The Hijr [Ismail]; Building housing the Zamzam well; Stairs to the Caaba; Maqām Ibrahīm, which is also the Maqām el-Schāfi’ī’; Minbar; Maqām al-H̱anafī; Maqām al-Mālikī; Maqām al-H̱anbalī; front-side of the Hamidiyah.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:IIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Die Moschee.’‘1. Das Thor der Benī Schēbah. 2. Das H̱idjr. 3. Gebäudes Zemzembrunnens. 4 und 5. Treppen zur Ka’bah. 6. Maqām Ibrāhīm (zugleich Maqām ès-Schāfi’ī). 7. Mimbar (Kanzel) 8. Maqām èl-H̱anafī. 9. Maqām èl-Mālikī. 10. Maqām èl-H̱ambalī. 11. Vorderseite der H̱amīdijjah. 12. Die Festung des Djijād.’Scattered throughout image: numbers 1–121 print (possibly lithographic) of a drawing after a photographDimensions:199 x 260 mmFormat:1 print of a drawing after a photograph, bound into volumeCondition:The print is in good condition with only minor surface dirt throughout.Foliation:‘II’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait shows a Meccan woman in bridal attire. She faces forward and looks towards the camera, both her hands held up, palms facing forwards on each side of her body.The most prominent features of the woman’s attire are her imposing headdress and embroidered bib or collar-like piece, which extends from the neck to a width in excess of the woman’s body and then towards her thighs. The piece appears to be made from twisted and embroidered fabrics as well as chains of coins. Two long plaits extend from her neck downwards across this piece before being woven into longer metal wands, appearing to extend the natural length of the hair. A bell is at the end of each. The woman’s robe is likely made of embroidered silk and she wears two thick anklets about her ankles. Tattooed or painted arches extend from the bridge of her nose upwards along her brow bone and down again to her outer brows.The woman is seated on a cushion-strewn seat or divan, covered in a monochrome printed fabric, featuring trees and shrubbery. Beading and an overlapping edge is visible on the upright part of the seat.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XXVPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Mekkanerin im Brautanzug.'A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner.1 collotype printDimensions:136 x 98 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XXV’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait shows a woman from Mecca. She sits face forward, looking towards the camera.She wears a pale-coloured shirt with decorative details at the cuffs, which is pulled up at the elbows. Around her shoulders and across her lap a translucent black gauze shawl is slung. Underneath this she wears vertically striped trousers. Her headdress is of printed or embroidered material. She wears rings on the little finger of her left hand and on the ring finger of her right hand .The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the carpet on which her chair stands.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XXVPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Mekkanerin’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:137 x 96 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XXV’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length portrait shows a bearded, described as a ‘sweet seller (Djiddah [Jeddah])’. The man stands face forward, looking towards the camera. He holds two corners of a rectangular tray which rests on a three-legged wooden table, made of bound branches.Many sticks topped with bird-like and other shapes stand perpendicular from the tray. A pile of wider stalks can be seen on the left of the tray. One or both of these may be
miswakstalks (Plural:
masawik), which are traditionally chewed to sweeten the breath prior to praying.The man wears a white, button-up
thawbrolled up at the elbows over white trousers and a white headdress. He has one prominent bandage on his left foot.The man is photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XXIVPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Süssigkeitskrämer (Djiddah).’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner.1 collotype printDimensions:144 x 98 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XXIV’
Genre/Subject Matter:This group portrait shows a merchant, likely a Meccan, described in the title as the representative of the Grand Scharīf, and his Circassian slave.Both men wear embroidered or printed robes; while the man on the left’s outer robe is made of plain cloth, the merchant’s outer robe is made of material printed with a recurring, perhaps floral pattern and what appear to be embroidered lapels. He carries a string of beads in his right hand and wears a light-coloured turban. The man described as a slave wears a fez.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places, particularly in the face of the merchant. The original background has been substituted completely.Temporal ContextThe photograph was taken between March 1886 and February 1887, according to Durkje van der Wal in his publication
Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885, Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, p. 36. This attribution is based on unpublished correspondence in the Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Archive, University of Leiden Library.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Vornehmer Kaufmann (Bevollmächtigter des Grossscherifs) mit seinem cirkassischen Sklaven.’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:249 x 185 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XI’
Genre/Subject Matter:This group portrait shows an Indian merchant and three Turkish officials as well as a young boy. The title notes that the Indian merchant is ‘distinguished’ or ‘noble’.While two of the men – seated at left and standing at left – each wear a janbiya at their waist under their outer robes, the man seated second from right holds a sword in its scabbard.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, aside from elements of the rug on which they are standing and seated.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Vornehmer indischer Kaufmann und türkische Beamte in Mekka.’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:183 x 247 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘X’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full length seated portrait of two men shows two traders, from Mecca and Jeddah. Both face forward, looking towards the camera.The man on the left wears a medium-tone outer robe over a striped robe with a white turban. The man on the right wears a white outer robe over a buttoned inner jacket and a white turban.The two men are seated in what appears to be a courtyard space, with plants visible behind them.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the part of the face of the man on the right that is shaded has been reinscribed.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XVPrinted beneath image, in ink:'Kaufleute (Mekka und Djiddah)'.A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype printDimensions:128 x 90 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XV’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait shows a bearded Indian pilgrim. He sits face forward, looking towards the camera.The man wears a full-length dark-coloured robe with a white undershirt visible on the left-hand side of his chest. He wears a light-coloured patterned skull cap and holds a walking stick in his clasped hands.The man is photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XXIIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Indischer Pilger.’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner.1 collotype printDimensions:138 x 97 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XXII’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait shows a woman, described as a [Muslim] pilgrim from Banten, the westernmost province on the island of Java. She sits face forward, looking towards the camera.The woman is dressed in white hijab, which covers her from head to foot. Her head piece is particularly wide and is shaped like an inverse-boat. On her feet she wears embellished slippers and she appears to be holding a printed cloth or handkerchief in her left hand.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. In particular, the background has been substituted completely, and the ground to the right of her leg seems to be entirely reinscribed.Temporal Context:The photograph was taken between 7 and 17 November 1884, according to Durkje van der Wal in his publication Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885, Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, p. 36. This attribution is based on unpublished diaries and correspondence in the Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Archive, University of Leiden Library.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIXPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Pilgerin aus Banten (Java).’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the right left corner.1 collotype printDimensions:139 x 98 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XIX’
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length seated portrait shows two [Muslim] Buginese pilgrims from Sulawesi, an island in Indonesia formerly known as Celebes.The man on the right wears a mid-coloured robe or jacket and sarong, which may be a form of teluk beskap, over an embroidered waistcoat. He wears a printed turban on his head and sandals on his feet. The man on the left wears a jacket and checked sarong, which may be a teluk beskap, as well as a turban on his head.The two men are seated on chairs in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XIXPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Buginesische Pilger (Celébes).’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner.1 collotype print
Genre/Subject Matter:This full-length portrait shows four pilgrims from Aceh, Indonesia with two ‘wakeels’, presumably the men standing in the background. They all face forward, looking towards the camera.The man on the right wears a white open shirt, dark-coloured trousers, sandals and a dark coloured fez-like hat. The standing man second from right wears a white turban and
thawbwith a sash at his waist, a mid-coloured waistcoat and a shawl slung over his left shoulder. The seated man third from right wears a striped waistcoat over a white
thawb, checked trousers and a white shawl slung over his left shoulder. The seated man third from left wears a white shirt, dark-coloured trousers and a white turban. The standing man second from left wears a white
thawb, turban and patterned waistcoat. The man at left wears a white
thawb, dark-coloured waistcoat, checked shawl and mid-coloured turban.The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots and barrels – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background.The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places.Inscriptions:Printed above image, in ink:XXXVIPrinted beneath image, in ink:‘Pilger aus Gross-Atjeh mit zwei „Wakil’s.“’A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner.1 collotype printDimensions:188 x 235 mmFormat:1 collotype printCondition:The print is in good condition.Foliation:‘XXXVI’