This file contains correspondence between the British Political Agent at Bahrain, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire, the British Civil Commissioner at Baghdad, as well as officials in the Government of India and ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Sa‘ūd).The correspondence concern British involvement in Central Arabia and relations between Ibn Sa‘ūd and the Āl Rashīd family of Ḥā’il. Covered within the correspondence are details about the assissination of Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd at the hands of his cousin and the subsequent succession of ‘Abdullāh bin Mit‘ab Āl Rashīd, the son of the seventh Amīr of Ḥā’il, Mit‘ab bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd.The file also contains a genealogical 'Table of the Ruling Al Rashid (Shammar) Family of Jabal Shammar' (folio 28) and details of the 1920 deputation from Ḥā’il to Riyadh to arrange a treaty with Ibn Sa‘ūd (folio 20).1 file (46 folios)Foliation: This file has a foliation number in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. The number is enclosed by a circle.
Correspondence and other papers relating to visits made by Europeans and Americans to Saudi Arabia, and specifically to Riyadh:A visit made in 1937 by Lieutenant-Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson, former Political Agent at Kuwait, reportedly in his capacity as a representative of the Kuwait Oil Company. The papers include English translations of press reports of the visit as reported in various Arab newspapers, including the Baghdad newspaper
Al-Kifah, the Cairo newspaper
Al-Mukattam[
Al-Muqattam] and the
Wakalat-ul-Sharq Al-Arabia(ff 3-16).Dickson’s request to the Political Resident to visit the Ruler of Saudi Arabia Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] in December 1938, and the Ruler of Kuwait’s [Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ] strong objection to the visit (ff 18-28).Lord Alington’s [Captain Napier George Henry Sturt] visit to Ibn Saud in April 1939, including notes on his visit, and demi-official letters exchanged between the Political Agent at Kuwait (Major Charles Crawshaw Galloway) and the Political Resident (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle) commenting on Alington’s description of Ibn Saud (ff 27-37).Correspondence dated 1942 between the Political Agent at Kuwait and the United States military relating to unauthorised entry into Saudi Arabia by foreigners (ff 41-42).A note written by the Political Agent at Bahrain (Edward Birkbeck Wakefield), dated 5 April 1943, on wartime conditions in Saudi Arabia, based on reports received by Dr Harold Storm and Gerrit Dirk Van Peursem, both of the American Mission at Bahrain, following their medical tour of Saudi Arabia (f 44).Correspondence dated August 1943 relating to a visit to Ibn Saud by Lieutenant-Colonel Harold B Hoskins, personal envoy of US President Roosevelt (ff 45-54).1 file (58 folios)The file’s contents are arranged in approximate chronological order, from the earliest item at the front to the latest at the end.Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 60; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The file contains letters, telegrams and other papers relating to unidentified aircraft either seen or heard over the Arab coast during the Second World War, and the emergency landing of a B-17 Flying Fortress at Abu Dhabi in May 1944. Correspondence is sent and received by a host of British officials including political and consular agents and RAF officers.A telex sent by the Political Resident to the Government of India on 25 November 1940 reported that Italian radio broadcasts had claimed success in a bombing raid over Bahrain, accounting for recent reports of unidentified aircraft in the area (folio 6). A large part of the correspondence in the file concerns payments made by the crew of the B-17 Flying Fortress to local Arabs, who offered them water and assistance. The crew members gave an array of banknotes to one man, which staff at the Political Agency in Bahrain attempted to convert into rupees at the Eastern Bank (folio 38). Further correspondence relates to a complaint made by the clerk at the Agency in Sharjah, over abuse directed at him by staff from the RAF base in the town (folios 46-47).1 file (52 folios)The file is arranged in approximate chronological order, from the earliest items at the front of the file to the latest at the end. The office notes at the end of the file (folios 51-53) mirror the chronological arrangement. Circled index numbers, written in red crayon and ink, can be found throughout the volume, and refer to the office notes.Foliation: The main foliation sequence starts on the front cover and ends on the inside back cover, and uses circled pencil numbers in the top-right corner of each recto. A second foliation sequence is also present between ff. 2-49; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to a variety of miscellaneous topics in the period December 1923 to July 1924.The principal topics discussed are:A proposal to replace the Iraq Post Office in Kuwait, 1924.Purchase of land in Iraq by Kuwait subjects, 1924.The visit of Naif Al Hithlain, 1924.`Ajman and Mutair raid, 1924.Internal Kuwait situation, 1924.Ikhwan movements, 1924.RAF flights Baghdad-Bahrain-Kuwait, 1924.The volume contains an index (folio 4) which lists items including: American Mission; Armenian Woman; Clerical Establishment; Embezzlement and Fraud, Prevention of; Germans not allowed in Kuwait; 'Government Telegraph Code'; Hijaz steamers; Hospital Bum; Ibn Sa'ud; Index to Summaries of Intelligence; Khuwair (also referred to as Khor az-Zubair) [Khawr az Zubayr] Postal Service; King Husain proclaimed Khalifah at Basrah; Naval Reporting; Pearling Loans; 'Persian Gulf Pilot'; Petrol; Presents; Publications; Purchase of land in Iraq by Kuwait subjects; Rifles, Storage of; Slave Trade; Smuggling.1 volume (312 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 307; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers; nor does it include the five leading and ending flyleaves.Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 5-307; these numbers are also written in pencil but, where circled, are crossed through.
This file concerns the proposal and development of an Extradition Treaty for the mutual surrender of criminals between Bahrain and Nejd [Najd], later Saudi Arabia, following a visit by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf to ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd [Ibn Saud] in February 1932. The file includes correspondence between the Secretary to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe and Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven Fowle, Political Residents in the Persian Gulf; Captain Charles Geoffrey Prior and Lieutent-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agents at Bahrain; Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Bahrain Government.The file includes a copy of a
Treaty of Extradition between 'Iraq and Hejaz[al-Ḥijāz],
Najd and Dependencies(ff 5-7), signed at Mecca on 21 Dhū al-Qa‘dah 1340 [8 April 1931] by Nuri As Sa'id [Nūrī al-Sa‘’id], Prime Minister of Iraq, and Faisal 'Abdul 'Aziz [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd], and a draft Extradition Treaty between Bahrain and Najd by Belgrave (ff 11-14), which excludes the return of escaped slaves and a stipulates that applications for extradition should be forwarded through the Political Agent, Bahrain. A further draft copy of the treaty with Arabic translation is enclosed with a letter from Belgrave, dated 7 Rabī‘ I 1351 [10 July 1932]. There is further correspondence regarding the clause on excluding escaped slaves and making applications for extradition through the Political Agent (ff 21-29), as well as copies of correspondence between the Political Resident and the Colonial Office and India Office, London, regarding the proposed Extradition Treaty (ff 30-42). On 25 November 1932, it is decided by the Secretary of State for India that the matter should be left in abeyance.At the end of the file is a compliments slip, dated 29 August 1942, enclosing printed copies of:Agreement for Friendship and Neighbourly Relations between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of His Highness the Sheikh[Shaikh]
of Kowait[Kuwait]
) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 44-47);Trade Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of His Highness the Sheikh of Koweit) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 48-49);Agreement for the Extradition of Offenders between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of the Government of Koweit) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 50-51).1 file (51 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present between ff 2-51; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
This file is entitled 'Activities of Saudi Arabians in Doha'; however, it concerns the activities of Saudi Arabians in Bahrain. The file includes correspondence between Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Captain George Ashmead Cole, Political Agent at Bahrain; and Charles Dalyrmple Belgrave, Adviser to the Bahrain Government.Correspondence between 1934 and 1935 concerns a Saudi proclamation (
i‘lān) posted on a wall in the Manama Pearl Bazaar without the permission of the Government of Bahrain (ff 2-3); action regarding a Nejd [Najd] travel document issued to Mohomed Ali [Muḥammad ‘Alī bin ‘Īd] and signed by Shaikh Mohomed al-Tawil [Muḥammad al-Ṭawīl], a Saudi official accompanying the Saudi Arabia Delegation in Bahrain (ff 4-8); and a case involving a Saudi subject charged with importing a rifle into Bahrain and selling it at Muharraq, plus a subsequent letter from Hamad Sulaiman [Ḥamad bin Sulaymān], a member of the Saudi Arabian Delegation in Bahrain, to Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah regarding the matter (ff 9-13). The remainder of the file (ff 14-25) consists of copies of correspondence between the Political Resident and the India Office with regards to the issue of the flying of the Saudi Arabian flag by the Trade Agent of ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd [Ibn Saud] on Fridays at Kuwait, and how this issue pertains to the other Shaikhdoms of the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain.Notable Arabic documents include the aforementioned proclamation, dated 23 Sha‘bān 1353 [1 December 1934], concerning plans by the Government of Saudi Arabia to offer to carry fifty pilgrims in motor cars from Hasa (al-Aḥsā’) to Mecca and Medina (f 3), with a partial translation appearing on folio 25; and the aforementioned travel document (
tadhkirat huwīyat al-musāfir) issued by the Government of Saudi Arabia and including the stamps of the passport offices of Qatif [al-Qaṭīf] and Bahrain (f 5).1 file (27 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-24; these numbers are also written in pencil, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence, but they are not circled.
This file concerns the circulation of currency between Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and India. The file contains correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire; the Political Agent at Bahrain; Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Advisor to the Government of Bahrain; C W F Skrimshire and M Gunn, the Eastern Bank Limited, Bahrain; Yousuf bin Ahmed Kanoo [Yūsuf bin Aḥmad Kānū]; the Residency Agent, Sharjah. There is also correspondence from the India Office and the Government of India, which has been forwarded to the Political Agent by the Political Resident.The correspondence for 1935-36 (ff 3-21) concerns the import of large quantities of Indian rupees into Saudi Arabia via the port of Jedda and Persian Gulf ports, due to the Saudi government’s preference of paying officials and tribal subsidies in rupees instead of dollars. The essence of this situation is explained in a report by Loch, entitled 'Note on the Rupee-Maria Theresa Dollar position in Najd, Hasa and Bahrain', sent to the Political Resident on 3 March 1936. The correspondence for 1939-40 (ff 22-49) concerns further abnormal exports of rupees from Bahrain to Kuwait and Hassa (al-Aḥsā’) due to a lack of confidence in the stability of the Saudi Arabian riyal as a result of the Second World War; also discussed is the possibility of an embargo being placed on the export of rupees from India to Saudi Arabia and the impact that that would have on the Trucial Coast states and Qatar. The final section of correspondence for the year 1944 (ff 50-55) concerns a request from ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Saud) for the British government to send senior military and financial experts, preferably Sunni Muslims, to Saudi Arabia to aid the establishment of an army and reorganise the financial structure of the state.1 file (60 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-61; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
This files concerns relations between the Political Agent at Bahrain and the Amir of Dhahran [al-Ẓahrān] on the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia. The correspondents in the file include Khalid Sidairi [Khālid al-Suayrī], Amir of al-Ẓahrān; the Political Agent at Bahrain; and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire.The correspondence of May 1945 (ff 2-5) concerns the appointment of Khālid al-Suayrī by Abdul-Aziz [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Saud)] to administer the Amirate [Emirate] of Dhahran [Imārat Muqāṭi‘at al-Ẓahrān]. The correspondence of April 1946 (f 6) concerns a visit of the Bahrain State Engineer to Hassa [al-Aḥsā’] 20-25 March 1946 at the request of the Amir of Hassa (perhaps also of the Amir of Dhahran?) to advise both on the electrification of the town of Hofuf [al-Hufūf], and on the question of whether equipment and infrastructure had been supplied by the United States of America or Britain.1 file (6 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
This file concerns the exchange of postal services between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia and covers:1932-1933 (ff 2-30): the conveyance of post between Hasa [al-Aḥsā’] and Bahrain, as well as between Hasa and other foreign countries via Bahrain;1934 (ff 31-43): Saudi Posts, Telegraph and Telephone Department establishing a daily mail service between Bahrain and Hofuf [al-Hufūf] and Katif [al-Qaṭīf];1933-1934 (ff 44-51): use of Arabic language in the wording of the 'Bulletin de verification' (ff 44-51);1935 (ff 52-61): the exchange of mails between Bahrain and Hofuf and Katif and the discontinuance of the use of the term 'Agent of Hofuf at Bahrain' (ff 58-61);1940 (ff 62-69): the conveyance by air or surface of letters for the outside world by air or sea mail, which it is stated must be posted at Al Khobar [al-Khubar] with Saudi Arabian stamps (ff 62-69).The correspondents in the file include: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire; the Political Agent at Bahrain; the Superintendent of Post Offices, Lower Sind and Persian Gulf in Karachi; and the Postmaster at Bahrain.1 file (69 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-33; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
This file contains correspondence between British officials in Bushire, Bahrain, and Sharjah.Topics include:The visit of Lady Willingdon to Sharjah.A raid by Manasir tribe and murder of the Amir of Khan village.Diving on the Trucial Coast and measures to improve the living conditions of the divers. Includes translation of letters from Shaikh Sa'id bin Maktum, ruler of Dubai to the Residency Agent, Sharjah; and from Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain to Political Agent, Bahrain.The building of a fort by the Sheikh of Sharjah.A pilgrimage to Mecca by Sheikh Abdullah, Sheikh of Qatar (1940).1 volume (61 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation: This consists of pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. The foliation sequence commences on the front cover and concludes on the last folio before the back cover.
Correspondence regarding the area of Zaora between the towns of Ajman and Himriya. The Chief of Abu Dhabi sought to despatch provisions by sea for forces sent by him to Zaora for the protection of his tribesmen that he wished to settle there. Correspondence discusses that the Shaikh of Dubai and the Shaikh of Ajman were 'in defensive and offensive alliance with one another against the Chief of Abu Dhabi' and they sought to prevent Zaora having the presence of a tribe protected by the Sheikh of Abu Dhabi.Correspondents include: Residency Agent, Sharjah; Assistant Political Agent, Bahrain; First Assistant to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Charles Arnold Kemball, Political Resident Persian Gulf, Secretary to the Government of India Foreign Department, Calcutta; Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Sheikh Abdul Aziz bin Humeid, Chief of Ajman.1 volume (194 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The sequence consists of small uncircled numbers in the top right hand top corner of each folio. The sequence runs from the first folio to the last folio of text.
This file relates to the application of Arsham and Tigranes Joseph Malcolm for mining rights to iron oxide on Abu Musa island and other locations such as the islands of Dalma, Ghagha, Sir Abu Nu'air and Musandam Peninsula. Letters also discuss the resources of salt, gold and the activities of the German company, Wonckhaus and Co. There are many letters in Arabic with translations.The main correspondents are Lieutenant-Colonel, Malcolm John Meade,the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf ; Sir William John Cuningham, Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; Residency Agent, Sharjah; Residency Agent, Lingah; Political Agent, Muscat; Shaikh Zayid bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Shaikh Saggar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah.1 volume (63 folios)The file is arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There is a typed contents page at the front of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation: The main sequence, which is being used for referencing, commences on the first folio of writing, with number 1 and goes through to the last folio of writing, numbered 73. This sequence consists of pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. There is also a second former foliation sequence, which is incomplete and which commences on the first folio of writing with number 1, and runs intermittently until number 64. This former sequence commences with numbers in red canyon, latter written in pencil, which are located near to the top right hand corner of each folio. Foliation anomalies: 1, 1A, 1B.the sequence commences on the title folio, on number 1, and runs through to 65, ending on the inside of the back cover of the volume. There is also a former pagination sequence which begins on the fifth folio, and runs through to the last folio of writing.
Correspondence concerning succession at Ras al-Khaima. Correspondence discusses succession disputes and issues of recognition by the British Government. Correspondents include the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department; Shaikh Sagar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah.1 volume (71 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The main sequence, which is being used for referencing, commences on the first folio of writing, with number 1 and goes through to the last folio of writing, numbered 73. This sequence consists of pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. There is also a second former foliation sequence, which is incomplete and which commences on the first folio of writing with number 1, and runs intermittently until number 64, are located near to the top right hand corner of each folio. Foliation anomalies: 1, 1A, 1B.
This file relates mainly to the issues of succession in Ajman and some other Trucial States. The main correspondents are the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Under Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; and Shaikh Sultan bin Salem, Ruler of Ras al Khaimah.Correspondence discusses the implications of recognizing a shaikh who has aquired position through force and whether it is necessary for a new shaikh to sign the agreements with the British relating to maritime peace. Correspondence also discusses how Shaikh Abdul Aziz bin Homeid, Chief of Ajman was murdered by his slave and was succeeded by his son who accepted the obligations of the British agreements.1 volume (91 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. This sequence begins on the third folio after the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 90. It should be noted that f.77 is followed by f.77A; the sequence then resumes on f.78. This is the sequence used by this catalogue to reference items within the file.Pagination: There is an incomplete pagination sequence, which is written in red and blue crayon and also in pencil, in the top right-hand corners of the rectos and in the top left-hand corners of the versos.
Correspondence relating to the islands of Abu Musa, Tanb [Tumb] and Sir Abu Nu'air. Correspondence discusses the claim by the Shaikh of Ras al Khayma to the islands and his wanting to prevent the use of the islands for grazing by the Shaikh of Dubai. The Shaikh of Ras al Khayma is reminded that any disturbances on the islands constitutes a disturbance at sea. The file contains many letters in Arabic with their translations. Correspondents include Shaikh Hashur of Dubai; Shaikh Salim bin Sultan of Dubai; the Residency Agent on the Arab Coast, Sharjah; the Political Resident, Persian Gulf.1 volume (143 folios)Includes `old system 371'. The file is arranged in two parts. An index at the front of the file lists sections on Abu Musa, Tanb, Sir Abu Nu'air as part of the 'old system 371'. A second section (14/88) covers the topic of Tanb. It is not immediately apparent from the file where the divide between these two sections is.The foliation system is the sequence of numbers appearing in a circle in the top right hand corner of each page. It starts on the front cover and ends on the back cover.Some of the pages are well worn at the sides but mostly this does not obscure the correspondence.
This file contains correspondence between British officials in London, Delhi, Bushire, Bahrain, Sharjah, and Tehran over the status of several islands in the Gulf: Tanb [Greater Tumb], Little Tanb [Lesser Tumb], Abu Musa and Sirri [Jazīreh-ye Sīrrī]. The main correspondents are the Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al-Khaimah; H.M. Minister, Teheran; H.M. Secretary of State for India; H.M. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The correspondence discusses how the Persian Government claimed these islands and the British maintained they were defending the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman. Also discussed is the building of a light house on Tanb Island and the presence of red oxide on the island. The majority of the correspondence is in English but the file also includes letters in Arabic. These carry the stamp 'British Agency Trucial Oman'. Most of the correspondence is in the date range 1933-1934. One letter describes how in 1933 a Persian man-of-war
Palangvisited the island without prior notification and correspondence discusses correct protocol to be followed; correspondence also discusses how the behaviour of the Persian Government was not compatible with their position as signatories of the Covenant of the League of Nations and the Kellog Pact; also includes a statement of a 'Nakhuda' on the seizing of a boat by Persian ship
Palang. The file concerns the British defence of the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman and rights to mining of red oxide. One letter reminds the ruler of Ras al-Khaimah that he is not to lease any part of his territory without permission of the British government.1 volume (207 folios)
This file contains correspondence relating to the islands of Bahrain, Tanb (also written as Tamb) [Greater and Lesser Tumb] and Abu Musa in the context of the Persian claim to these islands. The main correspondents are Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; Political Resident Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle); H.M. Minister, Tehran (Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen); Under Secretary of State, Foreign Office (John Charles Walton); Sheikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al Khaimah Topics of letters include:The attitude of Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, the ruler of Ras al Khaimah.The British approach to a possible Persian claim over Bahrain at the Council of League of Nations.Interception of letters from the Persian Governement to the local shaikh at Tanb.Account of a conversation between a French Admiral (Contre-Amiral Rivet) and the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah.A firman contained in a envelope (folio 179a).The removal and replacement of the Ras al Khaimah flag on Tanb.1 volume (205 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation. The foliation sequences runs from the front cover to last folio, and consists of small circled numbers, located in the top right corner of the recto of each folio.
Correspondence relating to the attitude of the Shaikh of Fujairah. The Political Agent, Muscat went to Fujairah in HMS
Redbreastand found that the Shaikh was loathe to recognize that he was tributary to Sharjah. Correspondence discusses the brokering of an agreement by the Political Resident and the Residency Agent, Sharjah whereby the Shaikh of Fujairah remained in independent charge of his subjects but 'under the jurisdiction of the Qawasim'. Correspondents include: Residency Agent, Sharjah; Chief of Dubai; Shaikh Saqar, Chief of Sharjah; Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Agent, Muscat and later Political Resident, Persian Gulf. The file includes many original letters in Arabic with English translations.1 volume (248 folios)Foliation. The foliation sequence runs from the front cover to last folio, and consists of circled numbers at the top right corner of each folio.
Correspondence in this file is on four topics: disagreements between Shaikhs of Sharjah and Dubai: salt-mines at Sir Abu Nu`air [Şīr Bū Nu‘ayr]; fighting between Abu Dhabi and Bedouin from the interior; fighting between Buraimi shaikh and Abu Dhabi; hostilities between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr of Sharjah and Shaikh of Umm al-Qaiwain and Hamriya and subsequent peace agreement. The main correspondents are the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Shaikh of Sharjah; Hamad bin Abdullah, Headman of Fujairah; Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf.1 volume (176 folios)The file is arranged into four sections.Difference between the chiefs of Sharjah and Dubaidisagreement over the salt mines at Sir Bu Na'ir islandfighting betweeen the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi and the Bedouinshostilites between the Shaikh Sultan ibn Saqr of Sharjah and Shaikh of Umm al-Qaiwain and Hamriya and subsequent peace agreementFoliation: The foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers appearing in the top right hand corner of each page.
This file contains correspondence relating to the island of Sir Abu Nu'ayr[Şīr Bū Nu‘ayr],its use and ownership. It consists mainly of letters in Arabic with English translations. The main correspondents are Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Residency Agent, Sharjah. Most of the correspondence is dated 1902 or 1933; there are also copies of letters from 1921 which discuss the building of a water supply for divers. Letters discuss how the Shaikh of Sharjah claimed the island and the concerns of Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah of Abu Dhabi over this claim. Issues discussed are whether the islands have remained uninhabited and whether a settlement could be a threat to Abu Dhabi and lead to a breach of the maritime peace. One letter discusses how the sale of salt from the island supports the claim of Sharjah.1 volume (26 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation. The foliation sequence starts on front cover and continues to back cover. It consists of uncircled numbers in the top right-hand corner.
Correspondence between H.S. Barnes, Foreign Office, Government of India, and C.A. Kemball, Political Resident Persian Gulf, discussing how British influence can best be extended over the Trucial Shaikhs. If any foreign power sought to increase its involvemenet with the Shaikhs 'the Viceroy of India was prepared to bring them under our protectorate at once,whether they liked it or not'.The Political Resident asked the Residency Agent, Sharjah, to report on the tribes of the coast and how far the authority of the Shaikhs extended inland. Includes a statement of British policy and a summary of relevant events on the Trucial Coast 1873 - 1901 and a table in Arabic and English of the towns and villages on the 'Oman coast' with population figures.1 volume (47 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: There are two incomplete foliation sequences and one complete foliation sequence. The complete sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. It begins on the first folio after the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 46. It should be noted that f.2 is followed by f.2A; the sequence then resumes on f.3. This is the sequence which has been used by this catalogue to reference items within the file.
Correspondence concerning Persian claims to sovereignty over the islands of Sirri, Abu Musa and Tunb [Greater and Lower Tumb] and the competing claim of the Shaikh of Sharjah. Correspondence discusses the erecting of flagstaffs by the Persians and also the Belgians. Correspondents include the Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf; Shaikh Suggar, Sharjah; Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Sheikh Maktoom, Chief of Dubai.1 volume (141 folios)An index at the front of the file gives subjects covered by the file.Foliation: Starts on first page of writing, which is the index on the inside cover and concludes on the back cover. Consists of circled pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio.
Correspondence concerning the mining of red oxide on Abu Musa island owned by Shaikh Sagar bin Khaled of Sharjah. Letters reference the Protectorate Treaties 1897 clause that the Protectorate Sheikhs should on "no account, cede, sell, mortgage or otherwise give for occupation any part of my territory save to the British government." Correspondence describes how the concession had been given to a British subject and then to a German concessionaire. The concession to the German company was then cancelled but mining operations continued. Letters detail the arrangements for the dispatch of a British gun-boat if required. Correspondents include the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Assistant Secretary to Government of India in the Foreign Department; Residency Agent, Lingah; Residency Agent, Sharjah.1 volume (228 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers appearing in a circle in the top right hand corner of each folio. The file also bears a foliation system comprising of uncircled numbers written in blue.
This file contains reports and correspondence relating to the mining of iron ore on the island of Abu Musa and Hassan Samayeh's involvements with the Germans. The correspondents include the Political Resident Persian Gulf (Major Percy Cox), Residency Agent Sharjah; Lieutenant-Commander W. Hose, H.M.S.
Redbreast, Bushire; H. Listermann, Consul for the Imperial German Government; Sheikh Sagar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah; Foreign Office, Government of India.Topics include:The erection of the Qawasim flag on Abu Musa.Views of the Foreign Office on Abu Musa.German Consul talks with Shaikh of Sharjah about the Wonckhaus company.Informing the German Consul that the Trucial chiefs are under British protection.Provision of guards for Abu Musa.Complaint of Nejef bin Ali against Hassan bin Samaiyeh.Persian claim to the islandThe Trucial chiefs were warned not to grant concessions without consulting the Resident.Wonckhaus agent prevented from landing at Abu Musa and to be allowed to remove all oxide already accumulated.There are many letters in Arabic including letters in Arabic from the German Consul to the Sheikh of Sharjah with translations. Also a hand written letter in English from the German Consul in Bushire to the Political Resident; and a Persian newspaper,
Nedai-e-Watan.1 volume (255 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.There are two foliation sequences. The first foliation sequence which should be used for referencing, begins on the first folio of writing, on number 1. After number 3 there is a blank folio, which is not numbered. The sequence then resumes on the next folio, on number 4 and runs through to number 255, which is the last folio of writing. This sequence is written in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio.The second foliation sequence begins on the third folio of writing and runs from number 1 through to number 248A, ending on the last folio of writing. The second sequence is written in blue crayon, in the top right corner of each folio.
Correspondence concerning Abu Musa island. Correspondence discusses British memorandum of 1908; the German case relating to their mining operations; the Persian claim to Abu Musa, Sirri and Tunb [Tumb]; the role of Hassan bin Samaiyah and the contract with the German company Wonckhaus. Corrrespondents include the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Frank C. Strick and Co.; German Consulate, Bandar Abbas; H.M. Consulate Bandar Abbas; Deputy Secretary to the Government of India; Khan Bakadur Abdur Latif [Khan Bahadur Abd al-Latif], Residency Agent Sharjah; Khalid bin Ahmad, Sheikh of Sharjah.1 volume (281 folios)An index at the front of the file gives subjects covered by the file.This volume has three foliation sequences. The first begins with the first letter and runs from number 1 through to number 55. There follows a gap of one folio, and then a second foliation sequence starts on the verso side of what would have been number 56 in the first foliation sequence. This sequence is inconsistent in that it is paginated from number 56 up to number 109, where it then lapses back into foliation and runs through to number 332, the last typescript folio. The third and most recent foliation sequence begins on the first typescript folio, which is loose. It runs from number 1 through to number 281, which is the inside of the back cover. It should be noted that folio 60 in this sequence is followed by folio 60 A, which is then followed by number 61. The first foliation sequence is written in blue and red crayon, in the top right corner of each folio. The second foliation sequence (which contains some pagination) is written in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio (and in the top left corner of the verso side of those folios that are paginated). The third foliation sequence, which should be used for cataloguing, is written and circled in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio.
Correspondence relating to the mining of red oxide on Abu Musa island. Includes the memorandum of the Foreign Office on the matter and the report of Captain Moore. Also discussed are the 'intrigues' of Muhammad Abdullah of Lingah and the Strick company's activities in taking possession of 500 tons of freshly mined oxide. Includes an estimate of costs involved in starting efficient mining operations on Abu Musa Island and a map of the mine with key (folio 92) as well as two other sketch maps of Abu Musa Island.Correspondents include: Major Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident, Persian Gulf; Spencer Harcourt Butler, Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department, Calcutta; Residency Agent, Lingah; Arshem and Tigranes J. Malcolm; Shaikh Saggar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah.1 volume (322 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. The front of the file has an index of list of topics.Foliation: The foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers appearing in a circle in the top right hand corner of each folio including the covers.
Correspondence concerning the mining of red oxide on Abu Musa island. Correspondence discusses the removal of the mining equipment of Hassan bin Samaiyah. Correspondence also discusses the application of Wonckhaus to ship red oxide and negotiations with the Foreign Office over the termination of Wonckhaus's mining rights.Correspondents include Khan Bahadur Aqa Beder, Residency Agent, Lingah; Sir Percy Cox, Political Resident Persian Gulf; C.J. Homer, Officer-in-Command, Persian Gulf Lighthouse Works; Residency Agent, Sharjah; Deputy Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department, India Office, London; Foreign Office, London; W. Wassmuss, Imperial German Consul, Bushire; Karl Lichnowsky, German Embassy, London.1 volume (249 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation starts with the first folio and continues through to the final folio. The folio numbers are written in pencil in the upper right hand corner of the recto side. Foliation anomalies: (1A, 1B,1C, and 1D, 64A and 64B, 173A and 173B, 237A and 237B.)
This file is a collection of correspondence between British officials in London, Delhi, Bushire, Bahrain, Sharjah and Teheran over the rights to mine red oxide on Abu Musa, an island in the Gulf claimed by Sharjah. The main correspondents are: India Office, Whitehall (John Gilbert Laithwaite); Shaikh Sultan bin Saqar of Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle); Political Agent, Bahrain (Gordon Loch); Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; Hajji Yusuf Kanoo (trader in Bahrain); Commander R.C. Bayldon; the Iranian Minister for Foreign Affairs.The correspondence relates to a contract for the mining of red oxide on Abu Musa. British officials helped facilitate the completion of the contract although the Iranians claimed the island as their territory and raised objections to the issuance of the contract. The final contract specified that Commander Bayldon will pay a minimum of 2000 Rupees a year in royalties to the Shaikh of Sharjah. The British warned Commander R.C. Bayldon that as it becomes known to the Iranians that he has taken rights to mining on Abu Musa that he will be barred from the higher quality Hormuz ore mines. The file includes a letter from the Political Resident Persian Gulf with a list of islands in the Persian Gulf 'known or presumed to contain Ferric Oxide'. The file is mostly in English with some letters in Arabic.1 volume (207 folios)Foliation: Foliation begins on the first folio of typescript and runs through from number 1 to number 139. Folio number 139 has been paginated in error so that it has the number 139 on its recto and 140 on its verso. The next folio has the number 141, meaning that folio 140 does not exist in this volume. The foliation sequence resumes at number 141 and continues through to number 208, which is the inside of the back cover of the volume. It should be noted that a letter sequence has been introduced to resolve an anomaly in the foliation sequence: previously, the number 43 was used to denote three separate folios; this sequence now reads as 43, 43A, and 43B. The foliation sequence is written in pencil in the top right corner of each folio.
Correspondence concerning the possibility of a Commander Bayldon acquiring a concession to develop red oxide resources on Abu Musa island. The file contains correspondence from 1934 to 1935 between the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Political Agent, Bahrain; Shaikh Sultan bin Saqar, ruler of Sharjah; Yusuf Kanoo. The file includes calls for tender, concession agreements, geological descriptions of Yas Island and Dalma island, and fire arms licenses.1 volume (212 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.The foliation sequence starts at the titlepage and continues through to the 5th folio from the back of the volume. The sequence is written in pencil and can be found in the top right hand corner of the recto side of each folio. Foliation errors: 1A, 1B and 1C; 104A, 104B, 104C and 104D; 170A, 170B and 170C.
Correspondence discussing the role of Sheikh Zaid bin Khalifah, Sheikh of Abu Dhabi on the Trucial Coast and the battles and disputes between the Trucial Shaikhs. Also discussed is the agreement, arranged by the Political Resident Persian Gulf which secured the release of the Shaikh of Umm al-Qaywayn. The Terms of Peace document is included as a printed item.Correspondents include Major Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Louis William Dane, Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department; Residency Agent, Sharjah; Chief of Sharjah; Shaikh Hamdan bin Zaid, Chief of Abu Dhabi.1 volume (140 folios)The file is arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The foliation consists of uncircled numbers in the top right-hand corner of the recto of each folio, and starts on the first folio of writing with 1 and finishes on the back cover with 140. Foliation anomaly: 68, 68A.
Correspondence discussing Ajman and Sharjah affairs. Includes discussion of the actions of 'Shaikh Homaid ben Abdol Aziz, Chief of Ajman' attempting to collect money from the Al Ben Lutah who were British subjects.Correspondence discusses the occupation of a watch tower which caused friction between Shaikh Khalid bin Ahmad, chief of Sharjah and the inhabitants of Hirah. Correspondence also discusses an incident where the revival of a blood feud was threatening to develop into a war between Sharjah and Ajman. Correspondence notes this had implications for the Imperial Airways Aerodrome and rest house. The Senior Naval Officer and the Residency Agent arranged a truce. A section deals with the maintenance of Abdur Rahman at Hairah.Correspondence is between tKhan Bahadur Isa bin Abdul Latif, Residency Agent, Sharjah; Shaikh Said bin Maktum, Ruler of Dubai; Shaikh Homaid bin Abdul Aziz, Chief of Ajman. Stuart George Knox, Political Resident, Persian Gulf; Shaikh Khalid ben Ahmad, Shaikh of Sharjah; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf.1 volume (285 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The file comprises of two volumes, with the foliation sequence running continuously across both volumes, with folios 1-125A being located in volume 1 and folios 126-249 in Volume 2. The foliation consists of small pencil numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. There is also a pagination sequence which also runs across both volumes, it comprises of large pencil numbers located in the top left and top right hand corners of the pages respectively,Foliation: The sequence consists of small pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. The sequence commences on the first folio of writing and concludes on the back cover.
Correspondence concerning the claim of Hassan Samaiya for property lost on Abu Musa island after the German company Wonckhaus lost the concession following an international tribunal. Includes a list of articles used in the mining operation and also discusses the welfare of some donkeys left there. The file includes the 'Investigation regarding Hassan Sameiyeh's complaint in connection with gear said to have disappeared from Abu Musa'. Correspondents include the Residency Agent, Lingah; Dr H.Listermann, Imperial German Consul, Bushire; Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident Persian Gulf.There is also correspondence on the claim by Shaikh Sagar bin Khalid of Sharjah against Hassan bin Samaiyah for the loss of horses on Abu Musa. Correspondents include the Residency Agent, Lingah and Sir Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident Persian Gulf; Khan Bahadur Agba Beder, Residency Agent, Lingah and Shaikh Sagar bin Khalid of Sharjah.1 volume (117 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The sequence starts on the first folio writing with circled pencil numbers in the top right-hand corner of the recto of each folio and finishes on the back cover. Foliation anomalies: 3, 3A, 12, 12A, 54, 54A.
Correspondence discussing the death of the agent of the British Indian Steam Navigation (B.I) company in Dubai. A new agent was sent out but the Shaikh of Dubai, Shaikh Butti bin Soheil, refused him permission to land. The First Assistant of the Residency, Captain Birdwood then accompanied the new agent. Further correspondence discusses the difficulty the agent had in arranging accommodation which was finally arranged by the Residency Agent, Sharjah. A letter of warning was sent to the Shaikh of Dubai. The file also discusses the estate of the late agent.1 volume (119 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. At the front of the file is an index of topics with page numbers.Foliation: The foliation sequence consists of small uncircled numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. The sequence starts on the first folio of writing and finished on the back cover.
This file contains correspondence about a disagreement between the ruler of Umm al-Qawayn, Sheikh Rashid, and his brother, Naser bin Ahmad, concerning the estate of their father. The main correspondents are Khan Bahadur 'Isa ibn Abd al-Latif, the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf.Topics include:A letter from Brella, widow of the late Sheikh Ahmed (bin Abdullah, Chief of Umm al-Qawain).Translation of an extract from a Basrah newspaper,
Sada ad-Dastur.Sketch maps (folios 150 and 147) in Arabic and translation in English of 'the places allocated by the late Sheikh Ahmad, Chief of Umm al-Qaywayn to his sons and foreigners to plant date palms and to use them for cultivation'.Letters discussing a plot by Sheikh Rashid, ruler of Umm al-Qaywayn to murder the Residency Agent, Sharjah.Measures taken against Shaikh Rashid of Umm al-Qaywayn, including bombardment of fort.1 volume (214 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The sequence consists of small circled numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio, commencing on the first full page of text.
This file contains reports and correspondence relating to the ownership of some islands in the Gulf, namely, the islands of Farsi, Arabi, Harqus, Al Karan and Al Kurain. The reports and correspondence are mainly between the India Office, London; the Foreign Office, London; Political Resident Persian Gulf, Political Agent Kuwait; Political Agent Bahrain; the Anglo Persian Oil Company. The discussion over the territorial status bears on whether the islands would come in the concession area of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company or Kuwait. One letter notes that if the ownership of the islands is undetermined up until that point this was of no importance; however, with the possibility that they may contain oil it was now imperative that they should belong to either Her Majesty's Government or to Kuwait rather than a foreign power. Therefore, the Shaikh of Kuwait is encouraged to erect beacons on some of the islands to support his claim to ownership. As the British were keen to avoid territorial disputes with Persia this was thought more unobtrusive than the raising of flags. There is also discussion over the island of Hawar and whether it belonged to Bahrain or Qatar.It also includes a translation of a letter from Shaikh Hamdan bin Zayed [Shaikh of Abu Dhabi] to Colonel Stuart Geoge Knox, Political Resident Persian Gulf, a small hand drawn sketch map showing location of a village on Dalma Island with H.M.S.
Foxanchorage position (folio 3), and a table on sources of oil supply to Britain in the years 1935, 1936 and 1937.1 volume (204 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The sequence consists of small circled numbers located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio, commencing on the first full page of text.
This file contains correspondence relating to the following topics:The dispute between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr and the sons of Shaikh Khalid, a former ruler of Sharjah, over the area of Dhaid and how this affected a geological expedition. Correspondents include Gordon Loch, Political Agent, Bahrain and Shaikh Rashid bin Humaid, Ruler of Ajman; Residency Agent, Sharjah.Punishment of the Shaikh of Fujairah (Shaikh Hamad bin Abdullah al-Sharqi). Correspondents include the Political Agent, Bahrain and British Consul, Bushire.The proposed establishment of customs houses at Debai, Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah as retaliation against Persian customs proposed at Henjam and elsewhere. The Residency Agent, Sharjah informed that there was no substance to this report but the Shaikhs were annoyed at their subjects' boats being arrested by Persian Customs inspectors at sea.Correspondence from November to December 1929 between the Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf and the Political Resident, Persian Gulf. Includes a statement from Abdur Rahman, son of Khan Bahadur Isa bin Abdul Latif, Residency Agent, Sharjah on an attack on women seeking refuge in the Residency Agent's house from attack by their male relatives. Correspondence reports that Shaikh Sultan bin Salem of Ras al-Khaimah, declined to take action against these men until pressured by the Commander of HMS
Crocus.Correspondence between Residency Agent, Sharjah and Andrew Charles Stewart, Political Agent Muscat, about the murder of Shaikh Abdur Rahman bin Saif of Hamriya by his nephew 'as a result of the machination of the Shaikh of Shargah and Adbur Rahman bin Mohammed.'Recognition of the Shaikh of Kalba by His Majesty's Government as Ruler of Kalba and accordance of a personal salute of three guns. Kalba moved from the responsibility of the Political Agent, Muscat to be dealt with by the Political Agent, Bahrain and Residency Agent, Sharjah. Correspondence consists of a circular between the Political Resident, Persian Gulf and the Air Officer Commanding, British Forces in Iraq; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf and the Political Agents in Kuwait, Bahrain, Muscat.A note on Abu Dhabi customs and revenues by E.V. Packer, Petroleum Concessions Ltd.Notices issued by the Shaikh of Sharjah on customs charges. Translation of a letter from the Residency Agent, Sharjah, to the Political Agent, Bahrain.14/252 I. Notices issued by the Shaikh of Sharjah on cusotms charges. Translation of a letter from the Residency Agent, Sharjah to the Political Agent, Bahrain.1 volume (88 folios)The papers in the file are arranged according to topic.Foliation: The sequence consists of circled numbers in pencil located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio, running from the front cover to the last folio.
This file consists of correspondence relating to actions taken against the Shaikh of Fujairah. The main correspondents are the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; Political Agent Muscat; Residency Agent Sharjah; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Shaikh Hamad bin Abdullah, ruler of Fujairah; Shaikh Said bin Hamad, Chief of Kalba.A number of topics are covered.The kidnap of a Baluch girl who was sold to the Shaikh of Fujairah. The Political Resident threatened to shell the Shaikh's fort and burn his dhow if a fine was not paid. Furthermore, as the Shaikh did not respond to the protocol of coming on board his fort was bombarded for one and a half hours which produced the desired effect.Disputes between al Fujairah (al-Qawasim tribe) and Kalba (al Sharqiyyin tribe) over raiding and disputes.There are over forty letters in Arabic with translations; maps drawn by Bertram Thomas of tribal territories around al Fujairah and also a map of the ports of Oman.1 volume (259 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation. The foliation sequence consists of numbers circled in pencil located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio and runs from the front cover to last folio. Foliation omissions: Folios 174, 189, 203 have been omitted.
Correspondence dealing with the unrest at Dubai due to the attempts on the life of Shaikh Sa'id bin Maktum by his cousins Shaikhs Rashid and Buti and their efforts to usurp him. The file includes a genealogical map of the family of Shaikh Sa'id bin Maktoum. Letters discuss how the British government can support the Shaikh without abandoning a declared policy of non-interference in internal matters. Correspondents include the Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf; British Naval Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Political Agent, Bahrain.The second topic of the file is Trucial Coast policy in broader terms, and how the presence of the recently established air route affected this. A memorandum discusses how with the advent of oil, other nations such as the United States of America and Japan were taking an interest in the Gulf. Furthermore, correspondence notes the increase in Ibn Saud's prestige requiring the need to ensure the safety of the air route. Correspondents include Air Vice-Marshall C.S. Burnett, Commanding Officer, British Forces in Iraq; Trenchard Craven Fowle, Political Resident Persian Gulf.1 volume (169 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The sequence consists of (80, 90-95, 98-102, 131-137, 139-140, 143-147, 151-159).
This file contains correspondence relating to jurisdiction in the Trucial Shaikhdoms. The main correspondents are the India Office, Foreign Office, Political Resident Persian Gulf; Political Agent, Bahrain.The correspondence discusses the creation of new Orders-in-Council for the Trucial Coast and whether this is needed before Petroleum Concessions progresses its oil discoveries. The file contains the Draft Trucial Coast Order in Council. Letters discuss whether war-time contingencies require new legal measures to deal with hostile persons. Also discussed are measures to contain the possibility of post-war attempts at penetration by foreigners including the American oil company and how to reply to a letter from the American Embassy. The file also includes letters from Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al Khaimah and Shaikh Shakbut bin Sultan bin Zayid, ruler of Abu Dhabi. There is a printed report of the External Affairs Department Trucial States Order-in-Council 1946.1 volume (217 folios)Foliation: Foliation starts on front cover of file, in pencil in uncircled (later circled) numbers in top right corner of the recto of each folio, and continues to the end of the file. A former pagination sequence starts on the verso of folio 128 with 132. Foliation anomaly: 1A and 1B.
File contains notes on the personalities and tribes of Abu Dhabi. The notes were produced by the Residency Agent, Sharjah, in response to a request from the Political Agent Bahrain.There are the original notes in Arabic (ff. 24-43) with the English translation (ff. 2-23).A report (ff. 44-58) from the Residency Agent Sharjah to Colonel Gordon Loch, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, which describes a journey to Braimi to collect data and statistics on the payment of zakat to Ibn Saud. This was compiled as a questionnaire (f. 49) with six questions and the accompanying answers.A note on the personalities of Abu Dhabi (ff. 59-61)A note (ff. 62-64) on the rulers of Abu Dhabi, composed of the Al Bu Falah subsection of the Bani Yas.1 file (68 folios)The papers in this file are arranged into a translation in English (ff 2-23) of a letter and a report in Arabic (ff 24-43) from the Residency Agent, Sharjah, to the Political Agent, Bahrain. Then follows a letter (ff 44-64) from the Residency Agent, Sharjah, to Percy Gordon Loch, Political Resident in the Persian GulfThere is a page of file notes (folio 67).Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff.2-67; these numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
The file contains correspondence discussing the ownership and status of the Hawar Islands and the competing claims of Bahrain and Qatar.It includes the following:a translation and original letter from Abullah bin Qasim Al Thani to Hugh Weightman, Political Agent, Bahrain (ff 6-9);a petition in support of Ruler of Bahrain's claim to Hawar Islands (f 74);photographs of Hawar Island: Bilad as-Shamalia; Hawar Fort; and Hawar Pier (f 33).Correspondents include William Rupert Hay, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Abdullah bin Qasim Al Thani, Ruler of Qatar, Hugh Weightman, Political Agent, Bahrain.1 file (267 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the back of the file. There are file notes (ff 259-264) at the back of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 267; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are also present in parallel between ff 56-188 and ff 189-229 respectively; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The file contains correspondence, circulars and other papers relating to visits by the Viceroy and Governor-General of India (the Marquis of Willingdon, Major Freeman Freeman-Thomas) and his wife Lady Willingdon (Marie Freeman-Thomas) to Bahrain and Sharjah in May 1934, while travelling by Imperial Airways from Karachi to Basra, and their return to both of these places on the return flight back to Karachi in August 1934. Correspondents in the file include: the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle, the Political Agent at Bahrain, Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, and the Residency Agent at Sharjah, Khan Bahadur ‘Īsá bin ‘Abd al-Latif.The file includes:correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon’s overnight stay at the RAF rest house at Sharjah, on the night of 16 May 1934, and their meeting with the Residency Agent and the Sheikhs of Sharjah (Sultan bin Saqr Āl Qāsimī) and Dubai (Sa‘id bin Maktum Āl Maktum);correspondence concerning the arrangements made for the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon to visit Bahrain on 17 May 1934, including: arrangements for the Ruler of Bahrain, Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, to hold a coffee reception in a tent at the aerodrome; the presentation of a speech and gift to the Viceroy by Sheikh Ḥamad; the presentation of invited Arab and European/American guests to the reception, including a lists of invitees (ff 64-65), an invitation to (f 44) and responses from European and American guests (ff 159-167), which includes representatives of the Government of Bahrain, Bahrain Petroleum Company, and the American Mission at Bahrain; appropriate hot weather dress for the occasion;correspondence covering both visits, including: security arrangements; the organisation of gun salutes; gifts for the Viceroy;following the visits in May 1934: newspaper cuttings from the
Iraq Timesand
The Timesreporting on the visits to Bahrain (ff 101-102); correspondence regarding appropriate gifts to be given by the Viceroy to the Sheikhs of Bahrain and Sharjah; the Political Agent’s report on the Viceroy’s visit to Bahrain (ff 84-85), and the Residency Agent’s report on the visit to Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 87-92); letters of thanks and appreciation from the Sheikhs;arrangements for stopovers by the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon at Bahrain and Sharjah in August 1934, which are to be private visits, including, at Bahrain, a visit to the house of Sheikh ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah for refreshments;following the visits in August 1934: reports of the respective visits by the Political Agent at Bahrain (ff 143-144) and the Residency Agent at Sharjah (Arabic and English, ff 145-148); arrangements for a gift of a pair of binoculars to the Sheikh of Sharjah;at the beginning of the file there is some correspondence relating to a visit to Bahrain in July 1933 by Lady Willingdon, who is passing through on an Imperial Airways flight (ff 2-7).1 file (167 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-167; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
The file comprises correspondence and papers relating to visits to the Persian Gulf by foreign dignitaries. Correspondents in the file include the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, and the Political Agents at Bahrain and Kuwait.The file includes:correspondence relating to the visit to Bahrain in December 1937 of Amir Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd from Saudi Arabia, including: discussion amongst British Government officials who take a positive view of the proposed visit; a letter from the Political Agent in Bahrain (Captain Tom Hickinbotham) to the Ruler of Bahrain (Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah), dated 7 October 1937, insisting that he be present during any political discussions (ff 24-25); reports in late December 1937 of the visit, written by the Political Agent Hugh Weightman (ff 43-48) and an unknown author (ff 50-53). Both reports include details of: the visiting dignitaries, receptions and dinners; the large quantities of gold sovereigns brought up by the Saudi party in the Bahrain bazaars, to be used to purchase Maria Theresa dollars in Saudi Arabia; rumours amongst the Bahrain bazaars of the purposes of the trip;correspondence relating to the Sheikh of Kuwait’s (Sheikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ) proposed visit to Bahrain, his intention being to meet the Ruler of Bahrain, Sheikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, and offer mediation over the Bahrain-Qatar (Zubarah) dispute (ff 26-30);a proposed trip in 1936 by the Iraqi statesman Nuri Pasha to Bombay, stopping off at Kuwait, Bahrain and Muscat, and the consequent postponement of this trip due to unforeseen circumstances (ff 2-10). Correspondence relating to Nuri Pasha’s later trip to Riyadh via Bahrain in April 1940 is also included in the file (ff 57-63);the return of the Egyptian Chargé d'Affaires, Abdul Hamid Munir, to Egypt from Riyadh via Bahrain in 1944 (ff 72-76);wartime and post-war various visits by United States dignitaries and legations, including: a US legation at Bahrain in 1942 (ff 65-66); Colonel Hoskins, Personal Envoy to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1943 (68, 70-71); and US senators in 1943 and 1944-45 (ff 69 77-79);1 file (90 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-81; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
This file concerns the construction of the first hospital at Doha, Qatar, in the mid-1940s. Correspondents in this file include: Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Crawshaw Galloway, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bahrain; Cornelius James Pelly, Political Agent at Bahrain; E P Donaldson, India Office, London; Dr W N Storm and Dr Paul Wilberforce Harrison of the American Mission at Bahrain.Details include funding by the American Mission and the possibility of funding from the Government of India based on the scale of that provided for medical facilities at Dubai; the necessity of medical facilities to service the oil industry and for a Political Officer to reside at Doha under Article 8 of the Anglo-Qatar treaty of 1916; relations between the American Mission and Qatar and the British administration; and the possibility of posting an European doctor to Qatar. Notable documents include a letter, dated 6 Dhu al-Qidah 1366 (20 September 1947), from ‘Abdullāh bin Jāsim Āl Thānī to the Political Agent at Bahrain regarding the construction of the hospital and a report by Storm and Harrison about their trip to the hospital at Doha in October 1947.1 file (22 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 24; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
The file contains correspondence relating to the presentation of gifts by the Political Agent at Bahrain to Saleh al Mana, representative of the Shaikh of Qatar. The gifts are an appreciation of the hospitality provided by Saleh al Mana during the Political Agent’s visits to Qatar. Correspondents in the file include the Political Agent at Bahrain (Cornelius James Pelly, and Gordon Noel Jackson between August and November 1947), Saleh al Mana [Ṣāliḥ Āl Māni‘], and the Manager of Petroleum Concessions (Qatar) Limited, Basil Henry le Riolet Lermitte, who frequently acted as an intermediary between the Political Agent and Saleh al Mana.Correspondence relates to:the delivery of a radio set to Saleh al Mana in 1947 (ff 2-21), and further correspondence resulting from the radio not working and requiring replacement. Saleh al Mana’s attempt, in October 1947, to arrange the purchase of his own radio set through Lermitte, in contravention of restrictions on Petroleum Concessions Limited buying products from Bahrain for non-Company Qataris, is brought to the attention of the Political Agent by Lermitte (f 14);in September 1948, two letters from the Political Agent to Saleh al Mana, the first returning a set of pearls given to the Political Resident Sir William Rupert Hay’s daughter by the Shaikh of Qatar, owing to the fact that the Political Resident was not permitted to accept gifts; the second presenting Saleh al Mana with an automatic pistol (ff 22-26);between October 1948 and September 1949, correspondence relating to the incorrect ammunition that was supplied with the pistol given to Saleh al Mana, and the Political Agent’s arrangements for the correct ammunition to be purchased, imported and sent on to Saleh al Mana (ff 27-41).1 file (45 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. File notes appear at the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 47; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-46; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
Correspondence in this file discusses the etiquette of gun salutes and exchange of calls in the Gulf. Topics include:the raising of the number of gun salutes for the Ruler of Kuwait and the Ruler of Bahrain from seven guns to eleven guns;a letter in Arabic (with English translation) from Shaikh Hamad bin Isa al Khalifah [Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah], Ruler of Bahrain, to Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agent, Bahrain, expressing thanks to King George V for the granting of a seven guns as a personal salute;the programme and protocol for the visit of the Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station, to Bahrain and Sharjah.1 file (274 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the back of the file. There are file notes ff 251-273.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 2-243; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
The file contains correspondence regarding the formal recognition of Shaikh Hamad as Ruler of Bahrain by the Government of India and the presentation to him of a
kharitaby the Political Resident, Bushire on behalf of Freeman Freeman-Thomas Willingdon,Viceroy and Governor-General of India.The English version of the Kharita is found on folio 29 and an Arabic version on folio 30.1 file (46 folios)The papers in the file are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 46; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-45; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
The file primarily contains correspondence between the Shaikh of Kuwait (Shaikh Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ), the Political Agent at Kuwait (Harold Dickson and Gerald Simpson DeGaury), the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Trenchard Craven Fowle and Percy Gordon Loch), the India Office (John Charles Walton, Gilbert Laithwaite and Maurice Clausen) and the Kuwait Oil Company (abbreviated as KOC).Correspondence discusses the commencement of oil drilling operations in Kuwait following the signing of the Kuwait Oil Concession, in particular the appointment of Harold Dickson as Chief Local Officer, the need for a Customs and Passport Post, and the decision to move drilling operations from Bahra to the South of Kuwait due to the former having insufficient quantities of oil for production.Also discussed in the file is clause three of the political agreement between KOC and His Majesty's Government which relates to the appointment of non British or Kuwaiti personnel in Kuwait. Matters discussed include the process of applying for special permission for such individuals and applications for two specialist American personnel to be employed there. Further correspondence relates to the KOC's wish to send a team of sixteen American geophysical surveyors to Kuwait for six months to undertake Seismic, Magnetic and Gravimetric surveys.The file also contains correspondence between HM's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan), Foreign Office (Sir John Simon, George Rendel), India Office (Gilbert Laithwaite) and the Arabian Development Syndicate (Rex Jansen, Mr Ydlibi) on the question of the Kuwait-Nejd neutral zone and the two companies vying for the Saudi Arabian share of it, the Standard Oil Company of California and the Arabian Development Syndicate.Other correspondence of note in the file includes:A request by Paul Heath Boots, head of the geophysical survey for the KOC, to undertake terrestrial magnetic observations in Kuwait, Bahrain and surrounding countries as the last observations in these areas were made in 1909-1910. The correspondence includes detailed descriptions of the observations to be taken, the instruments to be used and how they hope to re-observe the magnitude and direction of the earth's magnetic field in order to determine in what way and direction the magnetic field had varied since the last observations were completed (Folios 166-167, 202-203);A letter from Traders Ltd to the Shaikh of Kuwait informing him that they are not willing to accept his decision to sign with the KOC and that they were referring the matter to their legal adviser;A request from the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (later the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company) for special authorisation to land their planes at Kuwait and undertake aerial surveys there;A request by the KOC to use part of the land at the Shuwaikh site, which had previously been earmarked by the RAF as a potential future airbase site, and the British Government's decision that the site was no longer required by them;The lighting of the oil derrick at Bahra for night-time work and the need to inform Imperial Airways and the Port Director at Basra as the derrick was under the air route and near the sea;Arrangements for accommodation of European women in Bahrain and Kuwait and reminders that no European women were permitted in Qatar or the Trucial coast;Assurances from the Shaikh of Kuwait to His Majesty's Government in regards to the granting of future oil concessions, following his dealings with Traders Ltd;A discussion of the use of private wireless stations by the KOC, whether these contravened international conventions and whether they would impact future post office services in Kuwait. Further correspondence relates to the need to register the wireless stations and obtain Indian telegraph service call signs for them;A request by the KOC to place temporary buoys in the Ras Khadama [Ra’s Kāz̧imah] channel and costs involved for the Port Director at Basra to arrange for the work to be done.The correspondence from the Shaikh of Kuwait is in Arabic, with English translations, and the correspondence from the Anglo-Persian Oil Company includes letterheads in Persian and English.1 file (240 folios)There is an index to the volume at folio 2 which arranges the contents by topic discussed.Folios 219-229 are notes recording each item of correspondence within the volume, and include page numbers in pencil in the margins which enable the notes to be used as a further index.Foliation: The foliation sequence commences on the title page with 1 and terminated on the last folio with 232. The numbers used for this sequence are located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio and are indicated by a pencil number enclosed in a circle. Folio 180 has been omitted from the sequence.Foliation anomalies: 1A, 1B, 18A, 115A, 174AThe following folios need to be folded out to be read: 4, 6A former referencing system, using red crayon numbers enclosed in a circle can also be found throughout the file.