This file contains correspondence between the British Political Agent at Bahrain, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire, the British Civil Commissioner at Baghdad, as well as officials in the Government of India and ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Sa‘ūd).The correspondence concern British involvement in Central Arabia and relations between Ibn Sa‘ūd and the Āl Rashīd family of Ḥā’il. Covered within the correspondence are details about the assissination of Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd at the hands of his cousin and the subsequent succession of ‘Abdullāh bin Mit‘ab Āl Rashīd, the son of the seventh Amīr of Ḥā’il, Mit‘ab bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd.The file also contains a genealogical 'Table of the Ruling Al Rashid (Shammar) Family of Jabal Shammar' (folio 28) and details of the 1920 deputation from Ḥā’il to Riyadh to arrange a treaty with Ibn Sa‘ūd (folio 20).1 file (46 folios)Foliation: This file has a foliation number in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. The number is enclosed by a circle.
Intelligence report by Major Norman Napier Evelyn Bray, Political Intelligence Officer attached to the India Office, on Soviet activities and influence in the Middle East and the implications for British interests in the region.The document was prepared as a departmental minute. It discusses several matters, including: the Soviet alliance with Turkish and Arab nationalists across the region, but with a particular reference to Mesopotamia; Italian support (in money and arms) of Turkish nationalists; the need for the British and the French to work together closely to protect their interests; the military strength of all parties.The report contains two appendices, as follows:I - Suggested measures for dealing with the Bolshevist Menace in Mesopotamia and Persia;II - A. Conditions proposed by the Bolsheviks for acceptance of Turkish Nationalists; B. Terms of agreement concluded by Bolsheviks with Mustafa Kemal Pasha.There are extensive notes in the left hand margin throughout the report with details on sources and other comments.1 file (15 folios)Foliation: the sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A second foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-15; this sequence is written in ink, and is located in the same position as the main sequence.
The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, and notes, relating to a variety of miscellaneous topics in the period December 1923 to July 1924.The principal topics discussed are:A proposal to replace the Iraq Post Office in Kuwait, 1924.Purchase of land in Iraq by Kuwait subjects, 1924.The visit of Naif Al Hithlain, 1924.`Ajman and Mutair raid, 1924.Internal Kuwait situation, 1924.Ikhwan movements, 1924.RAF flights Baghdad-Bahrain-Kuwait, 1924.The volume contains an index (folio 4) which lists items including: American Mission; Armenian Woman; Clerical Establishment; Embezzlement and Fraud, Prevention of; Germans not allowed in Kuwait; 'Government Telegraph Code'; Hijaz steamers; Hospital Bum; Ibn Sa'ud; Index to Summaries of Intelligence; Khuwair (also referred to as Khor az-Zubair) [Khawr az Zubayr] Postal Service; King Husain proclaimed Khalifah at Basrah; Naval Reporting; Pearling Loans; 'Persian Gulf Pilot'; Petrol; Presents; Publications; Purchase of land in Iraq by Kuwait subjects; Rifles, Storage of; Slave Trade; Smuggling.1 volume (312 folios)The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume.Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 307; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers; nor does it include the five leading and ending flyleaves.Additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 5-307; these numbers are also written in pencil but, where circled, are crossed through.
The volume contains correspondence, telegrams and notes of meetings between the Political Agent at Muscat and the Political Resident at Bahrain and Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) representatives regarding geologic surveys of Dhofar, Massirah and Batinah, Muskat, in Oman, and Gwadar, in Pakistan, carried on by geologists employed by D'Arcy Exploration Company. The volume contains an extract from the account of the expedition to Muscat (folios 44-45) and some letters to and from the Amīr of Ja‘lān, Muḥammad bin Nāṣir Āl Ḥamūdah.There are some maps within the file:Reduction to show Relationships of the Combined Plane Table and Prismatic Compass Sketch Map of the Country between JEBEL RODHAH, SOHAR AND IBRI, OMAN, ARABIA, with the Oman peninsula (f. 18A);Sketch map of the Omani and Emirati coast from Muscat northbound (f. 18B);Map extracted from Geographical Journal Sep. 1925' showing Oman and Trucial States (f. 18C);'Map showing coast and ports of Oman' (f. 36A), drawn by Mr Bower.1 file (77 folios)The documents in the volume are mostly arranged in chronological order.The foliation is written in pencil and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The numbering commences at the first folio with 1, 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D; 2-3; 4 and 4A; 5-7; 8 and 8A; 9-17; 18, 18A, 18B and 18C; 19-36; 37 and 37A; 38-60; 61 and 61A and then it carries on until 66, which is the last number given to the last folio.
This file contains correspondence between the British Political Agent at Bahrain; the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire; R H Peck, Squadron Leader, No.84 (Bombing) Squadron, Royal Air Force; Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah; and Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Bahrain Government.The correspondence concerns general military matters affecting Bahrain and the wider Persian Gulf. These include:Stationing of troops in the Persian Gulf;Influence of the Indian communities in Muscat and Bahrain on Indian infantry stationed there;Arrangements for Royal Air Force visits to Bahrain, including No.84 (Bombing) Squadron's 1924 visit to Bahrain;A possible air route from Hasa to Riyad as detailed in 'Notes on the Route Hasa-Riyadh with special reference to the movements of aircraft', which contains a sketch map of a possible route (ff. 29-35);The question of withdrawal of military detachments in the Persian Gulf and strengthening the Levy Corps at Bahrain (1925-26);Military intelligence on Nadj tribes (ff. 73-83);Withdrawal of 3rd Battalion 16th Punjab Regiment from Manamah following a period of unrest in 1926 and their replacement by an armed State Police Force;A rough defence scheme ('Alarm Orders') in the event of raids being made on Manama prepared by the Bahrain Commandant of Police;The deployment of Captain R L O'Connor in 1930 to compile Military Intelligence in the Persian Gulf.1 file (112 folios)This file is arranged approximately in chronological order.Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled and can be found in the top right of the recto side of each folio. A second incomplete foliation sequence written in blue crayon runs between ff. 2-22.
This file contains two letters listed in the file notes at the rear of the file. The first, on folio 4, dated 30 March 1933, is from Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agent at Bahrain, to Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven Fowle, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, concerning persecution of Shiahs in Hasa [al-Aḥsā’] and complaints by Shaikh Ali bin Hasan al Musa [‘Alī bin Ḥasan al-Mūsá], the Shiah Qadhi [Qadi] of Sinabis [Sanābis, Bahrain], and Yusif bin Rustam [Yūsuf bin Rustam], a resident of Sanābis, regarding the alleged appropriation of their fish traps at Qatif [al-Qaṭīf]. The second, on folio 5, dated 5 March 1950, from the British Embassy at Jeddah, to the Cornelius James Pelly, Political Agent at Bahrain, concerns reports of a Bahraini having been flogged to death at al Khobar [al-Khubar] for the offence of playing the lute.There are two additional folios in the file which are not referenced in the file’s notes. Folio 2 is a letter, dated 28 November 1914, from Major Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Busreh [Basra], to Captain Terence Humphrey Keyes, Political Agent at Bahrain, recommending Shaikh Abdulla [‘Abdullāh Āl Khalīfah or Āl Thānī?] for a CIE [Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire] honour on 1 January 1915. Folio 3 is a note by the Political Agent at Bahrain, dated 26 June 1915, regarding taxes on date gardens in al-Qaṭīf owned by Abdur Rahman Zayani [‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Zayānī], Yousuf bin Abdur Rahman Fakhroo [Yūsuf bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān Fakhrū] and Jasem bin Jodar [Jāsim bin Jūdar].1 file (5 folios)The papers are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the file. Circled serial numbers (red for received correspondence; blue for issued correspondence) refer to entries in the notes at the rear of the file.Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present between ff 3-6; these numbers are also written in pencil and can be found in the same position, but they are not circled.
Most of the correspondence concerns succession at Dubai:Letter from Residency Agent Shargah [Sharjah] No. 13, 10 April 1894 informing Resident of death of Shaikh Rashid bin Maktoom [Rashid bin Maktum].Letter from Maktoom bin Hasher [Maktum bin Hashar] of 12 April 94 informing Resident of his having succeded his uncle.Report to Government No 39 12 May 1894 - correspondence about treatment by the new chief of the sons of Rashid bin Maktoom, the deceased chief.Death of Shiekh Maktoom bin Hashar and succession of Sheikh Buti bin Suheil [Butti bin Suhayl].a letter 27 July 1929 from the Political Resident Persian Gulf to Shaikh Said bin Maktum, Ruler of Dubai; Shaikh Shakhbut bin Sultan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi; Shaikh Rashid bin Humaid, Ruler of Ajman; Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, Ruler of Ras al Khaimah. The letter advises on succession process.There is a one page letter concerning the import duties made by the Shaikh of Dubai.Correspondents include the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Major Percy Zachariah Cox, Political Resident Persian Gulf; Sir Louis Dane, Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department, Simla; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf. Sheikh Butti bin Suheil, Dubai.1 volume (20 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. The file includes an index of important references.Foliation: The foliation consists of uncircled pencil numbers located in the top right-hand corner of each folio. The sequence commences on the front cover and concludes on back cover.
Correspondence concerning succession at Ras al-Khaima. Correspondence discusses succession disputes and issues of recognition by the British Government. Correspondents include the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department; Shaikh Sagar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah.1 volume (71 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.Foliation: The main sequence, which is being used for referencing, commences on the first folio of writing, with number 1 and goes through to the last folio of writing, numbered 73. This sequence consists of pencil numbers, located in the top right hand corner of the recto of each folio. There is also a second former foliation sequence, which is incomplete and which commences on the first folio of writing with number 1, and runs intermittently until number 64, are located near to the top right hand corner of each folio. Foliation anomalies: 1, 1A, 1B.
This file relates mainly to the issues of succession in Ajman and some other Trucial States. The main correspondents are the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Under Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department; and Shaikh Sultan bin Salem, Ruler of Ras al Khaimah.Correspondence discusses the implications of recognizing a shaikh who has aquired position through force and whether it is necessary for a new shaikh to sign the agreements with the British relating to maritime peace. Correspondence also discusses how Shaikh Abdul Aziz bin Homeid, Chief of Ajman was murdered by his slave and was succeeded by his son who accepted the obligations of the British agreements.1 volume (91 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is written in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. This sequence begins on the third folio after the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the last folio with text, on number 90. It should be noted that f.77 is followed by f.77A; the sequence then resumes on f.78. This is the sequence used by this catalogue to reference items within the file.Pagination: There is an incomplete pagination sequence, which is written in red and blue crayon and also in pencil, in the top right-hand corners of the rectos and in the top left-hand corners of the versos.
This file contains correspondence between British officials in London, Delhi, Bushire, Bahrain, Sharjah, and Tehran over the status of several islands in the Gulf: Tanb [Greater Tumb], Little Tanb [Lesser Tumb], Abu Musa and Sirri [Jazīreh-ye Sīrrī]. The main correspondents are the Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf; the Political Resident Persian Gulf; Shaikh Sultan bin Salim, ruler of Ras al-Khaimah; H.M. Minister, Teheran; H.M. Secretary of State for India; H.M. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The correspondence discusses how the Persian Government claimed these islands and the British maintained they were defending the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman. Also discussed is the building of a light house on Tanb Island and the presence of red oxide on the island. The majority of the correspondence is in English but the file also includes letters in Arabic. These carry the stamp 'British Agency Trucial Oman'. Most of the correspondence is in the date range 1933-1934. One letter describes how in 1933 a Persian man-of-war
Palangvisited the island without prior notification and correspondence discusses correct protocol to be followed; correspondence also discusses how the behaviour of the Persian Government was not compatible with their position as signatories of the Covenant of the League of Nations and the Kellog Pact; also includes a statement of a 'Nakhuda' on the seizing of a boat by Persian ship
Palang. The file concerns the British defence of the rights of the sheikhs of Trucial Oman and rights to mining of red oxide. One letter reminds the ruler of Ras al-Khaimah that he is not to lease any part of his territory without permission of the British government.1 volume (207 folios)
Correspondence in this file is on four topics: disagreements between Shaikhs of Sharjah and Dubai: salt-mines at Sir Abu Nu`air [Şīr Bū Nu‘ayr]; fighting between Abu Dhabi and Bedouin from the interior; fighting between Buraimi shaikh and Abu Dhabi; hostilities between Shaikh Sultan bin Saqr of Sharjah and Shaikh of Umm al-Qaiwain and Hamriya and subsequent peace agreement. The main correspondents are the Residency Agent, Sharjah; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Shaikh of Sharjah; Hamad bin Abdullah, Headman of Fujairah; Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf.1 volume (176 folios)The file is arranged into four sections.Difference between the chiefs of Sharjah and Dubaidisagreement over the salt mines at Sir Bu Na'ir islandfighting betweeen the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi and the Bedouinshostilites between the Shaikh Sultan ibn Saqr of Sharjah and Shaikh of Umm al-Qaiwain and Hamriya and subsequent peace agreementFoliation: The foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers appearing in the top right hand corner of each page.
This file contains correspondence relating to the island of Sir Abu Nu'ayr[Şīr Bū Nu‘ayr],its use and ownership. It consists mainly of letters in Arabic with English translations. The main correspondents are Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah, Chief of Abu Dhabi; Political Resident Persian Gulf; Residency Agent, Sharjah. Most of the correspondence is dated 1902 or 1933; there are also copies of letters from 1921 which discuss the building of a water supply for divers. Letters discuss how the Shaikh of Sharjah claimed the island and the concerns of Shaikh Za'id bin Khalifah of Abu Dhabi over this claim. Issues discussed are whether the islands have remained uninhabited and whether a settlement could be a threat to Abu Dhabi and lead to a breach of the maritime peace. One letter discusses how the sale of salt from the island supports the claim of Sharjah.1 volume (26 folios)The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file. There are file notes at the back of the file explaining how the file is arranged.Foliation. The foliation sequence starts on front cover and continues to back cover. It consists of uncircled numbers in the top right-hand corner.